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Entre a cruz e a espada: a (des)penalização do aborto na América Latina
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A partir da análise comparativa dos casos de Uruguai, Argentina e Brasil este trabalho busca compreender as variações nas políticas sobre o aborto na América Latina, região em que a hegemonia da Igreja Católica é ameaçada pelo avanço numérico e político dos evangélicos. Confirma-se que a liberalização da interrupção voluntária de gravidez está associada à opinião pública favorável, baixos níveis de religiosidade, igualdade de género, elevada densidade de médicos e menores índices de desigualdade social. Além disso, identifica-se que a participação política dos evangélicos – que utilizam o discurso antiaborto e outras questões morais como estratégia de mobilização e capitalização do sufrágio cristão – está negativamente associada à despenalização da prática.
From the comparative analysis of the cases of Uruguay, Argentina and Brazil, this paper seeks to understand the variations in policies on abortion in Latin America, a region in which the hegemony of the Catholic Church is threatened by the numerical and political advance of evangelicals. Liberalization of voluntary termination of pregnancy is confirmed to be associated with favorable public opinion, low levels of religiosity, gender equality, high physician density and lower rates of social inequality. Moreover, it is identified that the political participation of evangelicals – who use anti-abortion discourse and other moral issues as a strategy for mobilizing and capitalizing on Christian suffrage – is negatively associated with the decriminalization of the practice.
From the comparative analysis of the cases of Uruguay, Argentina and Brazil, this paper seeks to understand the variations in policies on abortion in Latin America, a region in which the hegemony of the Catholic Church is threatened by the numerical and political advance of evangelicals. Liberalization of voluntary termination of pregnancy is confirmed to be associated with favorable public opinion, low levels of religiosity, gender equality, high physician density and lower rates of social inequality. Moreover, it is identified that the political participation of evangelicals – who use anti-abortion discourse and other moral issues as a strategy for mobilizing and capitalizing on Christian suffrage – is negatively associated with the decriminalization of the practice.
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América Latina Interrupção voluntária da gravidez Aborto Política comparada Igreja Católica Evangélicos comparative politics Latin America Abortion Catholic Church Evangelicals