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Publicação
Da promoção da leitura
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O índice de desenvolvimento de um país está diretamente relacionado com o bom desempenho na literacia da leitura. Contudo, estudos nacionais e internacionais revelam que os índices de leitura dos portugueses ficam muito aquém dos registados em países desenvolvidos.
Nas escolas, os professores confrontam-se com o baixo desempenho na leitura dos seus alunos. Assim, a sua capacidade de usar a leitura e a escrita como forma de adquirir conhecimentos, de desenvolver capacidades e de participar ativamente na sociedade fica comprometida.
A promoção da leitura torna-se essencial para envolver toda a comunidade neste desígnio estratégico de desenvolvimento social e pessoal. Assim, o presente estudo pretendeu investigar formas de promoção da leitura e, através de uma revisão da literatura, tentamos aproximar-nos do seu conceito percorrendo o trilho da história do livro. Em seguida, percecionamos o modo como a mesma é interpretada por especialistas na área da psicologia cognitiva da leitura, por escritores, poetas e ensaístas. Para delinearmos os caminhos que teremos de percorrer para melhorar o nosso desempenho na área da literacia da leitura, verificamos o nosso posicionamento nos rankings internacionais da literacia da leitura e analisamos as medidas que as instâncias governamentais implementaram para a promover, bem como, enumeramos alguns projetos de leitura aplicados em países cujo índice de desempenho na mesma fica muito acima do registado em Portugal.
Em seguida, refletimos sobre o papel da escola, do professor e dos recursos na equação que obrigatoriamente se tem de fazer no processo ensino-aprendizagem vigente, no sentido de alterar o que perece ser uma inevitabilidade.
Finalmente, procuramos complementar este estudo com a aplicação de dois questionários, um exploratório e outro complementar, ambos construídos tendo por base o conceito de ler, leitura e livros que os nossos alunos conceptualizaram. Centrando-nos no contributo que os mesmos podem dar no processo ensinoaprendizagem, uma vez que estes atuam e manifestam comportamentos operantes e até de decisão afetando não só a sua aprendizagem, como a daqueles com quem estão em comunicação.
The rate of development of a country is straightly connected to its performance on reading literacy. Nevertheless, national and international studies have revealed that the reading rates of the Portuguese are far below the ones registered in developed countries. At schools teachers are faced with the low reading performance of their students. Therefore, their ability to use reading and writing skills as a way of acquiring knowledge, developing competences and actively take part in society is compromised. The promotion of reading becomes essential to engage all the community on this strategical purpose of social and personal development. This study has intended to investigate ways of promoting reading and, by brushing up on literature, we have tried to approach its concept by running through the paths of the book’s history. Afterwards we have perceived how it has been interpreted by experts of the cognitive reading psychological field, writers, poets and essayist. To draw the paths we will have to run to improve our performance on the reading literacy, we have checked our position on reading literacy international rankings and we have analysed governamental measures implemented to promote it, alongside with the reference to examples of reading projects on countries whose performance rates are above the ones registered in Portugal. We have thought about the role of the school, the teacher and the resources on this equation, which must be done on the present learning-teaching process, as a way to change what seems to be inevitable. Finally, we have tried to complete this study with the application of two questionnaires, one exploratory and the other one complementary, both built on the concept of to read, reading skills and books performed by students. We have focused on the contribution they can give to the learning-teaching process, since they act and state operative behaviours alongside decisions that might affect, not only their learning process, but also the one with whom they are communicating.
The rate of development of a country is straightly connected to its performance on reading literacy. Nevertheless, national and international studies have revealed that the reading rates of the Portuguese are far below the ones registered in developed countries. At schools teachers are faced with the low reading performance of their students. Therefore, their ability to use reading and writing skills as a way of acquiring knowledge, developing competences and actively take part in society is compromised. The promotion of reading becomes essential to engage all the community on this strategical purpose of social and personal development. This study has intended to investigate ways of promoting reading and, by brushing up on literature, we have tried to approach its concept by running through the paths of the book’s history. Afterwards we have perceived how it has been interpreted by experts of the cognitive reading psychological field, writers, poets and essayist. To draw the paths we will have to run to improve our performance on the reading literacy, we have checked our position on reading literacy international rankings and we have analysed governamental measures implemented to promote it, alongside with the reference to examples of reading projects on countries whose performance rates are above the ones registered in Portugal. We have thought about the role of the school, the teacher and the resources on this equation, which must be done on the present learning-teaching process, as a way to change what seems to be inevitable. Finally, we have tried to complete this study with the application of two questionnaires, one exploratory and the other one complementary, both built on the concept of to read, reading skills and books performed by students. We have focused on the contribution they can give to the learning-teaching process, since they act and state operative behaviours alongside decisions that might affect, not only their learning process, but also the one with whom they are communicating.
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Palavras-chave
Promoção da leitura leitor leitura ensino aprendizagem estratégias reading promotion reader reading teaching learning strategies