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Companhia Teatro-Escola Entre’Palcos - Uma metodologia para o desenvolvimento de competências artísticas e sociais nos jovens?
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As práticas artísticas comunitárias procuram integrar a arte na vida quotidiana das comunidades e, dessa forma, promover o desenvolvimento cultural, social e comunitário dos seus membros. O teatro como prática artística comunitária assume-se como uma ferramenta educativa, fundamental no desenvolvimento de competências pessoais, sociais e artísticas dos jovens. A companhia teatro-escola Entre’Palcos desenvolve a sua atividade no concelho de Sesimbra desde 2015, e tem como objetivo principal promover a arte e a inclusão na educação, criando espaços de partilha e diálogo em que trabalha as competências dos jovens a nível afetivo, social e artístico. O presente estudo pretendeu avaliar de que forma a participação nos projetos da companhia teatro-escola Entre’Palcos influencia os jovens, a nível pessoal, social e artístico. Assim, delineou-se um estudo orientado por uma metodologia qualitativa e quantitativa, que incluiu dois grupos de participantes - um de 46 jovens com idades entre 10 e 18 anos, participantes atuais do projeto; e outro de 10 jovens ex-participantes, com idades entre 17 e 26 anos. O primeiro grupo respondeu a um inquérito por questionário com 25 questões fechadas, organizado com base numa escala validada por Cruz (2020); e o segundo respondeu a uma entrevista semiestruturada com 10 perguntas abertas. Além dos dois instrumentos anteriores, recorreu-se também à recolha de suportes documentais (peça e cartaz). O questionário foi analisado, numa primeira fase, pelo cálculo de parâmetros de estatística descritiva (média, desvio-padrão, máximo e mínimo) para cada questão e objetivo correspondente; e seguidamente, através de testes estatísticos (alfa de Cronbach e correlações de Pearson), considerando as subescalas e os fatores da escala original. A entrevista foi sujeita a uma análise de conteúdo, através da qual se identificaram sete categorias e 21 subcategorias relacionadas com as temáticas em análise. A análise documental envolveu a identificação/interpretação de símbolos, estrutura, layout e processos de cocriação. Os principais resultados evidenciam que os processos criativos abertos e a tomada de decisão partilhada são elementos fundamentais na sustentação da qualidade da participação cultural e artística no projeto, que influencia a motivação pessoal para a criação (r=0,304), o processo de criação artística (r= 0,396; r= 0,736), a qualidade das experiências de participação (r= 0,595; r=0,599), e a perceção global dos benefícios dessa participação (r= 0,455; r= 0,709). Foi possível também percecionar que os ex-participantes consideram que a sua participação contribuiu para: a valorização pessoal e o autoconhecimento; uma maior compreensão do teatro e das artes, que influenciou as escolhas culturais/artísticas; o desenvolvimento de aptidões socias e integração no grupo; e as opções académicas e profissionais, atendendo a que direcionou a escolha académica/profissional e incentivou a inclusão da arte em atividades extracurriculares, académicas e profissionais. Como conclusão, o presente estudo destaca a importância de projetos que promovam práticas artísticas comunitárias junto dos jovens, sendo por isso fundamental que estas estratégias sejam incentivadas por políticas públicas e programas de financiamento. Fica então a questão sobre como se poderá melhorar a articulação deste tipo de projetos entre as várias partes interessadas – artistas profissionais e não profissionais, e os diferentes interlocutores nas comunidades.
Community arts practices seek to integrate art into the daily life of communities and thus promote the cultural, social and community development of its members. Theatre as a community artistic practice is an educational tool, fundamental in the development of young people's personal, social and artistic skills. The theatre-school company Entre'Palcos has been active in the municipality of Sesimbra since 2015, and its main objective is to promote art and its inclusion in education, creating spaces for sharing and dialogue in which it aims to work on the affective, social and artistic skills of young people. This study aimed to assess how participation in the projects of the theatre-school company Entre'Palcos influences young people on a personal, social and artistic level. Thus, a study guided by a qualitative and quantitative methodology was designed, which included two groups of participants - a group of 46 young people aged between 10 and 18, current participants in the project; and a group of 10 young former participants, aged between 17 and 26. The first group answered a questionnaire survey with 25 closed questions, organised based on a scale validated by Cruz (2020); and the second answered a semi-structured interview with 10 open questions. In addition to the two previous instruments, documentary support (play and poster) was also collected. The questionnaire was analysed, first by calculating descriptive statistical parameters (mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum) for each question and corresponding objective; and then through statistical tests (Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlations), considering the subscales and factors of the original scale. The interview was subjected to content analysis, through which seven categories and 21 subcategories related to the themes under analysis were identified. Documentary analysis involved the identification/interpretation of symbols, structure and layout and the co-creation processes. The main results show that open creative processes and shared decision making are key elements in sustaining the quality of cultural and artistic participation in the project, which influences personal motivation to create (r=0.304), the artistic creation process (r= 0.396; r= 0.736), the quality of participation experiences (r= 0.595; r=0.599), and the overall perception of the benefits of such participation (r=0.455; r= 0.709). It was also possible to perceive that alumni consider that their participation contributed to: personal appreciation and self-knowledge; a greater understanding of theatre and the arts, which influenced cultural/artistic choices; the development of social skills and integration in the group; academic and professional options, in general, given that it directed the academic/professional choice towards an artistic area, and encouraged the inclusion of art in extracurricular, academic and professional activities. In conclusion, the present study highlights the importance of projects that promote community artistic practices among young people, which is why it is essential that these strategies are encouraged by public policies and funding programs. The question then remains as to how to improve the connection of this type of projects between the various interested parties – professionals and non-professionals artists and the different interlocutors in the communities.
Community arts practices seek to integrate art into the daily life of communities and thus promote the cultural, social and community development of its members. Theatre as a community artistic practice is an educational tool, fundamental in the development of young people's personal, social and artistic skills. The theatre-school company Entre'Palcos has been active in the municipality of Sesimbra since 2015, and its main objective is to promote art and its inclusion in education, creating spaces for sharing and dialogue in which it aims to work on the affective, social and artistic skills of young people. This study aimed to assess how participation in the projects of the theatre-school company Entre'Palcos influences young people on a personal, social and artistic level. Thus, a study guided by a qualitative and quantitative methodology was designed, which included two groups of participants - a group of 46 young people aged between 10 and 18, current participants in the project; and a group of 10 young former participants, aged between 17 and 26. The first group answered a questionnaire survey with 25 closed questions, organised based on a scale validated by Cruz (2020); and the second answered a semi-structured interview with 10 open questions. In addition to the two previous instruments, documentary support (play and poster) was also collected. The questionnaire was analysed, first by calculating descriptive statistical parameters (mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum) for each question and corresponding objective; and then through statistical tests (Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlations), considering the subscales and factors of the original scale. The interview was subjected to content analysis, through which seven categories and 21 subcategories related to the themes under analysis were identified. Documentary analysis involved the identification/interpretation of symbols, structure and layout and the co-creation processes. The main results show that open creative processes and shared decision making are key elements in sustaining the quality of cultural and artistic participation in the project, which influences personal motivation to create (r=0.304), the artistic creation process (r= 0.396; r= 0.736), the quality of participation experiences (r= 0.595; r=0.599), and the overall perception of the benefits of such participation (r=0.455; r= 0.709). It was also possible to perceive that alumni consider that their participation contributed to: personal appreciation and self-knowledge; a greater understanding of theatre and the arts, which influenced cultural/artistic choices; the development of social skills and integration in the group; academic and professional options, in general, given that it directed the academic/professional choice towards an artistic area, and encouraged the inclusion of art in extracurricular, academic and professional activities. In conclusion, the present study highlights the importance of projects that promote community artistic practices among young people, which is why it is essential that these strategies are encouraged by public policies and funding programs. The question then remains as to how to improve the connection of this type of projects between the various interested parties – professionals and non-professionals artists and the different interlocutors in the communities.
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Palavras-chave
Companhia teatro-escola Entre’Palcos Crianças e adolescentes Práticas artísticas comunitárias Desenvolvimento pessoal e social Acesso e escolhas culturais e artísticas Processos de Socialização Entre'Palcos theatre-school company Children and adolescents Community artistic practices Personal and social development Access and cultural and artistic choices Socialization processes