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The Passos Manuel high school glass crystal models: Condition assessment and analytical characterization
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Resumo(s)
Glass crystal models are didactic instruments used since the 19th century to support crystallography classes. Their implementation in Portugal occurred during the end of the 19th century with the appearance of the Portuguese Liceus. In these institutions, it was important that classes were not exclusively taught recurring to school textbooks. Following this, high schools, universities, and polytechnics were gradually provided with teaching collections to ensure that students have a tridimensional vision of what was taught in science education. Therefore, this kind of models are an important material evidence of teaching methodologies of mineral and geology science in the 19th and 20th centuries.
The Passos Manuel high school, in Lisbon, owns a significant collection of scientific heritage, part of which is currently on a long-term loan at the National Museum of Natural History and Science from the University of Lisbon, which includes a set of 98 glass crystal models. Apart from glass, these models are composed by paper/textile adhesive tapes, adhesives, cardboard, textile lines and metal nuts and screws. On a first approach, some models seem to have been subjected to repairing processes, presenting different conservation conditions.
This study aims to perform an assessment of the current condition of the Passos Manuel high school glass crystal models collection, as well as its material characterization. To achieve these main objectives, a custom condition scale for glass crystal models was developed and the collection characterization was done based on portable equipment (p-XRF), or by collecting small samples further analyzed using optical microscopy and ATR-FTIR techniques. This study represents an initial approach for the development of a conservation and restoration methodology for glass crystal model collections.
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glass crystal models didactic collections scientific and collections heritage conservation condition diagnose material characterization