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Um Casamento Aristocrático em 1537: Festas, Ostentação e Poder em Vila Viçosa
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Em Abril de 1537, Vila Viçosa acolheu das festas mais sumptuosas que Portugal alguma vez vira. Em matrimónio, uniam-se o infante D. Duarte, irmão de D. João III, e D. Isabel de Bragança, irmã de D. Teodósio I, 5º duque de Bragança. Política e estrategicamente, uniam-se a Casa Real e a Casa de Bragança, a mais importante casa senhorial à época.
As negociações que conduziram a este casamento foram demoradas, cheias de hesitações e retrocessos, pelo constante desacordo referente ao montante do dote da noiva. Eventualmente, a Casa de Bragança acedeu ao desmembramento do ducado de Guimarães do seu património, território fundamental para os seus rendimentos, e o contrato de casamento veio a ser assinado em Agosto de 1536, tornando Duarte, marido de D. Isabel, no 5º duque de Guimarães.
A partir deste momento, D. Teodósio começou a abastecer a sua Casa e Vila Viçosa de tudo o que seria necessário para a realização destas festas de casamento. Mandou construir uma nova ala do Paço Ducal e renovar todo o espaço envolvente. Encomendou tapeçarias e outros têxteis opulentos e assegurou-se do esplendor de todo o vestuário da família ducal e das librés dos seus oficiais. Com bastante antecedência, o duque ainda comprou diversos mantimentos e garantiu a produção de produtos alimentares variados.
Através de sete relatos e de um poema laudatório, tentamos reconstruir, analisar e problematizar este momento festivo, nas suas várias declinações, bem como a evolução arquitectónica do paço, os têxteis, o vestuário e a alimentação, mostrando como a combinação destes elementos teve um propósito muito específico: a exibição do poder pessoal de D. Teodósio I e do poder senhorial da Casa de Bragança, tanto a nível nacional como internacional.
In April 1537, Vila Viçosa, a village in the south-center Portugal, received one of the most sumptuous festivals the kingdom had ever seen. Duarte, son of Manuel I and the queen Maria, and Isabel of Braganza, daughter of Jaime I, 4th duke of Braganza, gathered in marriage, bonding politically and strategically the Royal House and the House of Braganza, the most importante aristocratic house of that time. The negotiations endured for a long time, with hesitations and regressions, because the king, John III, and the dukes Jaime and Teodósio, who succeeded his father when he died (1532), couldn’t reach an agreeement regarding the value of the bride’s dowry. Eventually, the House of Braganza accepted the dismemberment of the Duchy of Guimarães, an essential part of its income, from its estate. The wedding contract was signed in August 1536, turning Duarte, Isabel’s husband, in the 5th duke of Guimarães. From that moment on, Teodósio started to provide his House and Vila Viçosa of everything that was necessary to accomplish the sucess of this wedding. He ordered the construction of a new wing of the Ducal Palace, with new and better accommodations, and the renewal of the surrounding area. He also commissioned tapestries and other opulent textiles, and gave new liveris to all his servants. With several weeks in advance, he started to buy provisions and to produce several food-related items. Through seven descriptions and a laudatory poem, we reconstruct, analyze and discuss this festive moment, the architectural evolution of the palace, all the textiles, the clothing and the table, showing how the combination of these elements had a very specific purpose: the exhibition of Teodósio’s personal power and the House of Braganza’s manorial power, both nationally and internationally
In April 1537, Vila Viçosa, a village in the south-center Portugal, received one of the most sumptuous festivals the kingdom had ever seen. Duarte, son of Manuel I and the queen Maria, and Isabel of Braganza, daughter of Jaime I, 4th duke of Braganza, gathered in marriage, bonding politically and strategically the Royal House and the House of Braganza, the most importante aristocratic house of that time. The negotiations endured for a long time, with hesitations and regressions, because the king, John III, and the dukes Jaime and Teodósio, who succeeded his father when he died (1532), couldn’t reach an agreeement regarding the value of the bride’s dowry. Eventually, the House of Braganza accepted the dismemberment of the Duchy of Guimarães, an essential part of its income, from its estate. The wedding contract was signed in August 1536, turning Duarte, Isabel’s husband, in the 5th duke of Guimarães. From that moment on, Teodósio started to provide his House and Vila Viçosa of everything that was necessary to accomplish the sucess of this wedding. He ordered the construction of a new wing of the Ducal Palace, with new and better accommodations, and the renewal of the surrounding area. He also commissioned tapestries and other opulent textiles, and gave new liveris to all his servants. With several weeks in advance, he started to buy provisions and to produce several food-related items. Through seven descriptions and a laudatory poem, we reconstruct, analyze and discuss this festive moment, the architectural evolution of the palace, all the textiles, the clothing and the table, showing how the combination of these elements had a very specific purpose: the exhibition of Teodósio’s personal power and the House of Braganza’s manorial power, both nationally and internationally
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Vila Viçosa Casamento Aristocracia Casa de Bragança Aristocracy House of Braganza Wedding