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Infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (clamídia, sífilis, gonorreia e vírus de imunodeficiência humana) em homens que fazem sexo com homens: Portugal (2015 - 2017)
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Introdução: A nível internacional, e em África em particular, a maioria das infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) ocorrem em jovens. Anualmente, há cerca de 131 milhões de infeções por clamídia, 78 milhões de infeções por gonorreia, 5 milhões de infeções por sífilis e 143 milhões de casos de tricomoníase. Em Portugal foi realizado um Inquérito Serológico Nacional (ISN) 2015-2016 e que, pela primeira vez, incluiu o estudo da prevalência de IST, foram estudados apenas indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Objectivos: Estimar a prevalência de IST (clamídia, sífilis, gonorreia e VIH) e alguns fatores de risco para IST entre HSH, em Portugal, durante o período de 2015-2017; Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico clínico e comportamental dos HSM deste estudo; Calcular a prevalência das IST e estudar a relação entre a prevalência das infeções sexualmente transmissíveis e as caraterísticas sociodemográficas, clínicas e comportamentais em HSH; Calcular o risco de coinfeção entre o VIH e outras IST em HSH. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, observacional e transversal. Os dados foram retirados de uma base existente do Sistema de Informação Nacional de Vigilância Epidemiológica (SINAVE). O período em análise corresponde a 2015-2017, sendo considerados todos os indivíduos do sexo masculino com idade igual ou superior aos 18. Resultados: Verificou-se que a maioria da população de HSH é de nacionalidade Portuguesa (80,6%vs 19,4%), sendo que a maioria se encontra na faixa etária dos 25-34 anos (39,5%). Resultados da regressão logística sugerem que existe uma chance 2,2 vezes maior de coinfeção com o VIH nos indivíduos nas faixas etárias 25-34 quando comparadas com a faixa etária dos 18-24. Quanto à coinfeção do VIH com outras IST, existe uma chance 4,7 vezes maior de coinfeção para o VIH nos indivíduos com clamídia incluindo o Linfogranuloma Venéreo quando comparados com os indivíduos com resultado negativo para clamídia LGV. Considerações finais: Tem existido um aumento do número de casos de ISTs em HSH em toda Europa, e em Portugal também; sendo necessária a criação de mais políticas de saúde pública para a prevenção e controlo do crescimento destas infeções nesse grupo tão estigmatizado e vulnerável.
Introduction: At the international level, and in Africa in particular, most sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur in young people. Annually, there are about 131 million chlamydia infections, 78 million gonorrhea infections, 5 million syphilis infections and 143 million trichomoniasis cases. In Portugal a National Serological Survey (ISN) was conducted 2015-2016 and, for the first time, included the study of the prevalence of STI, only individuals with 18 years of age or above were studied. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of STIs (chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea and HIV) and some risk factors for STIs among MSM in Portugal during the period 2015-2017; To characterize the clinical and behavioral sociodemographic profile of HSM in this study; To calculate the prevalence of STIs and to study the relationship between the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics in MSM; Calculate the risk of coinfection between HIV and other STIs in MSM. Methodology: A quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out. The data were taken from an existing database of the National Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SINAVE). The period under analysis corresponds to 2015-2017, considering all the males aged 18 years or older. Results: It was verified that the majority of the MSM population is of Portuguese nationality (80.6% vs 19.4%), most of whom are in the age range of 25-34 years (39.5%). Logistic regression results suggest that there is a 2.2 times greater chance of HIV coinfection in individuals in the age groups 25-34 than in the 18-24 age group. As for HIV coinfection with other STIs, there is a 4.7-fold increased chance of HIV coinfection in individuals with chlamydia including Venereal Lymphogranuloma when compared to individuals with a negative result for LGV chlamydia. Final considerations: There has been an increase in the number of cases of STIs in MSM throughout Europe, and in Portugal as well; and it is necessary to create more public health policies to prevent and control the growth of these infections in this highly stigmatized and vulnerable group.
Introduction: At the international level, and in Africa in particular, most sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur in young people. Annually, there are about 131 million chlamydia infections, 78 million gonorrhea infections, 5 million syphilis infections and 143 million trichomoniasis cases. In Portugal a National Serological Survey (ISN) was conducted 2015-2016 and, for the first time, included the study of the prevalence of STI, only individuals with 18 years of age or above were studied. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of STIs (chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea and HIV) and some risk factors for STIs among MSM in Portugal during the period 2015-2017; To characterize the clinical and behavioral sociodemographic profile of HSM in this study; To calculate the prevalence of STIs and to study the relationship between the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics in MSM; Calculate the risk of coinfection between HIV and other STIs in MSM. Methodology: A quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out. The data were taken from an existing database of the National Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SINAVE). The period under analysis corresponds to 2015-2017, considering all the males aged 18 years or older. Results: It was verified that the majority of the MSM population is of Portuguese nationality (80.6% vs 19.4%), most of whom are in the age range of 25-34 years (39.5%). Logistic regression results suggest that there is a 2.2 times greater chance of HIV coinfection in individuals in the age groups 25-34 than in the 18-24 age group. As for HIV coinfection with other STIs, there is a 4.7-fold increased chance of HIV coinfection in individuals with chlamydia including Venereal Lymphogranuloma when compared to individuals with a negative result for LGV chlamydia. Final considerations: There has been an increase in the number of cases of STIs in MSM throughout Europe, and in Portugal as well; and it is necessary to create more public health policies to prevent and control the growth of these infections in this highly stigmatized and vulnerable group.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Saúde pública Doenças venéreas Sida Serologia Epidemiologia Homens com sexo entre homens Portugal
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical