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O aproveitamento sustentável dos recursos agroflorestais de Portugal: estudo de caso da cortiça e alfarroba
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Quando se aborda o tema dos produtos agroflorestais portugueses, os mais relevantes e
imediatos são a madeira, o papel e a cortiça. Contudo, atualmente, começa a emergir um
novo setor que tem por base a exploração de frutos secos tendo já bastante expressão
neste mercado a castanha, o pinhão, a amêndoa e a alfarroba.
Os frutos que se colhem na floresta portuguesa têm uma elevada importância ambiental
e socioeconómico mas a sua exploração total ainda não é considerada sob o ponto de
vista da agrofloresta.
Partindo destes pressupostos equaciona-se a relevância do setor dos frutos secas,
mormente a alfarroba, para o país e tomamos como exemplo, a produção e exploração
da cortiça, que não sendo um fruto seco se apresenta como o melhor caso de exploração
agroflorestal português.
Ao longo do estudo aprofundamos as vantagens agroflorestais não só como medida
promotora de uso sustentável do solo, fomento da economia mas, também, como reduto
para contribuir na resolução de problemas que afetam as áreas rurais portuguesas,
nomeadamente a desertificação e os incêndios.
When addressing the subject of portuguese agroforestry products, the most relevant and immediate are wood, paper and cork. However, a new sector that is based on the exploration of dry fruits is now beginning to emerge, with nuts, pinions, almonds and locust beans already on the market. The fruits that are harvested in the Portuguese forest have a high environmental and socioeconomic importance, but their total exploitation is not yet considered from the agroforestry point of view. Based on these assumptions, we carried out a study where we aimed to understand the importance of the dried fruit sector, mainly the carob tree, for the country and take as an example the market for the production and exploitation of cork, which is not a dried fruit but still is the best example of current Portuguese agroforestry exploitation. Throughout the study, we have explored the advantages of agroforestry not only as a sustainable measure to promote the economy but also as a stronghold to solve the major problems affecting Portuguese forests, namely desertification and fires.
When addressing the subject of portuguese agroforestry products, the most relevant and immediate are wood, paper and cork. However, a new sector that is based on the exploration of dry fruits is now beginning to emerge, with nuts, pinions, almonds and locust beans already on the market. The fruits that are harvested in the Portuguese forest have a high environmental and socioeconomic importance, but their total exploitation is not yet considered from the agroforestry point of view. Based on these assumptions, we carried out a study where we aimed to understand the importance of the dried fruit sector, mainly the carob tree, for the country and take as an example the market for the production and exploitation of cork, which is not a dried fruit but still is the best example of current Portuguese agroforestry exploitation. Throughout the study, we have explored the advantages of agroforestry not only as a sustainable measure to promote the economy but also as a stronghold to solve the major problems affecting Portuguese forests, namely desertification and fires.
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Portugal Floresta Cortiça Alfarroba Sustentabilidade Ecossistema florestal Sustainability Forest ecosystem Cork Carob