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O agenciamento redes-ruas nos perfis de Facebook das "Ocupações Secundaristas" do Brasil: Performatividade, subjetividade e comunicação net-ativista
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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O problema de pesquisa que orienta essa tese busca compreender como os movimentos
net-ativistas que ocupam espaços públicos, nomeadamente em um estudo a partir do
movimento das Ocupações Secundaristas de 2015 a 2017 no Brasil, estão a configurar
suas reivindicações através das redes sociais digitais. Secundaristas é uma das
nomenclaturas para denominar, no Brasil, o grupo de estudantes que se encontram no
Ensino Secundário, a última etapa do ensino básico brasileiro, e que, entre 2015 e 2017,
protagonizaram a ocupação de mais de mil instituições de ensino no país como modo de
reivindicação e visibilidade para demandas muito diversas. Abordamos o fenômeno a
partir das perspectivas do acontecimento e do agenciamento deleuze-guattarianos,
inscrevendo nossa perspectiva epistemológica em um pensamento pós-estruturalista que
privilegia a produção da diferença e a dimensão relacional entre multiplicidades. O
objetivo é compreender os modos comunicativos e performativos que se realizam no
agenciamento entre redes digitais, corpos e ruas nesses movimentos. Com isso, o netativismo,
a performatividade e os modos de produção de subjetividade são os eixos
teóricos que permitem uma configuração micropolítica de nosso objeto de estudo voltada
aos seus aspectos comunicacionais. Propomos no trabalho um percurso teóricometodológico
inspirado nos conceitos de rizoma e cartografia de Deleuze e Guattari,
enquanto abordagens que orientam a privilegiar as conexões, a heterogeneidade e
multiplicidade e os sistemas não hierárquicos e não centrados. Nesse processo, elegemos
perfis de Facebook criados pelos estudantes do movimento de ocupação como elemento
principal de nosso corpus empírico de análise. Nossa análise busca conectar esses posts
de forma qualitativa, aberta aos processos de produção de subjetividade e aos fluxos de
desejo comunicados nesses perfis. Sem estabelecer categorias rígidas, compusemos
constelações nas quais sublinhamos o hibridismo entre redes digitais e ruas como
operador comum. O movimento das Ocupações Secundaristas demonstrou incorporar os
códigos do net-ativismo, assim como novas dimensões de um agir comunicativo em rede.
Entre os agenciamentos analisados, destacamos os limites e fronteiras entre os códigos
do net-ativismo e do diálogo representativo político como um dos problemas diretamente
da ordem da comunicação; o caráter multitudinário que se expressa em enunciados
estratégicos que desnaturalizam uma universalidade identitária; o exercício transubjetivo
do poder performativo que conecta sujeitos, dispositivos, fluxos informativos e
territorialidades; e a potência de inoperosidade enquanto modo de subjetivação singular.
O trabalho intenciona, portanto, contribuir para os estudos sobre o net-ativismo no campo
da comunicação, a partir de uma perspectiva não centrada no sujeito, nem puramente na
dimensão tecnológica dos dispositivos de comunicação contemporâneos. Priorizamos,
desse modo, uma dinâmica relacional em que as mutações no cenário comunicativo se
expressam nas redes, mas também em transformações radicais em toda a ecologia dos
protestos e dos novos modos de conflitualidade e produção de subjetividades.
The research problem that guides this thesis aims to comprehend how the net-activism movements that occupy public spaces, specifically in a study which starts from the occupy movement by Brazilian secondary students, are configuring their claims through digital social networks. Secondarists is one of the nomenclatures to name, in Brazil, the group of students that are in High School (?), the last phase of the Brazilian basic education, and, between 2015 and 2017, led the occupation of over a thousand education institutions in the country as a way to claim for visibility to varied requests. We approach this phenomenon starting from perspectives of the event and in the assemblage of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, registering our epistemological perspective in a poststructuralist thought which privileges the production of difference and the relative dimension between multiplicities. The goal is to comprise the communicative and performative modes that are realized in the assemblage among digital networks, bodies, and streets in those movements. Thereby, the net-activism, the embodied and plural performativity and the production subjectivity modes are theoretical axes that allow a micropolitics configuration of our object of study turned to their communicational aspects. We propose in the work a theoretical-methodological course inspired by the concepts of rhizome and cartography from Deleuze and Guattari as approaches that guide to privilege the connections, the heterogeneity, the multiplicity, and the non-hierarchical and not centered systems. In this process, we have elected Facebook profiles created by students of the occupy movement as the main element of our empirical corpus of analysis. The occupy movement by Brazilian secondary students has incorporated the codes of netactivism, as well as new dimensions of a communicative behavior in network. Among the analysed assemblages, we highlight the limits and boundaries between the codes of net-activism and of the political representative dialog as one of the problems directly in the communication order (field?); the multitudinous character expressed in strategic statements that denature an university identity; the transubjective exercise of performative power that connects subjects, devices, informative flows and territorialities; and the power of inoperability as way of singular subjectivation; The work intends, therefore, to contribute to the studies on net-activism in the field of the communication, form a perspective not centered in the subject, nor purely in the technological dimension of the contemporary communication devices. We thus prioritize a relational dynamic in which mutations in the communicative scenario are expressed in networks, but also in radical transformations throughout the ecology of the protests and the new modes of conflict and production of subjectivities
The research problem that guides this thesis aims to comprehend how the net-activism movements that occupy public spaces, specifically in a study which starts from the occupy movement by Brazilian secondary students, are configuring their claims through digital social networks. Secondarists is one of the nomenclatures to name, in Brazil, the group of students that are in High School (?), the last phase of the Brazilian basic education, and, between 2015 and 2017, led the occupation of over a thousand education institutions in the country as a way to claim for visibility to varied requests. We approach this phenomenon starting from perspectives of the event and in the assemblage of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, registering our epistemological perspective in a poststructuralist thought which privileges the production of difference and the relative dimension between multiplicities. The goal is to comprise the communicative and performative modes that are realized in the assemblage among digital networks, bodies, and streets in those movements. Thereby, the net-activism, the embodied and plural performativity and the production subjectivity modes are theoretical axes that allow a micropolitics configuration of our object of study turned to their communicational aspects. We propose in the work a theoretical-methodological course inspired by the concepts of rhizome and cartography from Deleuze and Guattari as approaches that guide to privilege the connections, the heterogeneity, the multiplicity, and the non-hierarchical and not centered systems. In this process, we have elected Facebook profiles created by students of the occupy movement as the main element of our empirical corpus of analysis. The occupy movement by Brazilian secondary students has incorporated the codes of netactivism, as well as new dimensions of a communicative behavior in network. Among the analysed assemblages, we highlight the limits and boundaries between the codes of net-activism and of the political representative dialog as one of the problems directly in the communication order (field?); the multitudinous character expressed in strategic statements that denature an university identity; the transubjective exercise of performative power that connects subjects, devices, informative flows and territorialities; and the power of inoperability as way of singular subjectivation; The work intends, therefore, to contribute to the studies on net-activism in the field of the communication, form a perspective not centered in the subject, nor purely in the technological dimension of the contemporary communication devices. We thus prioritize a relational dynamic in which mutations in the communicative scenario are expressed in networks, but also in radical transformations throughout the ecology of the protests and the new modes of conflict and production of subjectivities
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Movimentos Occupy Ocupações Secundaristas Net-ativismo Net-activism Secondary Students Occupations Occupy Movements