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O Império Hitita: vestígios arqueológicos e documentais na Síria setentrional
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Com a ascensão ao trono de Šuppiluliuma I (c. 1350 a.C.), o reino de Ḫatti tornou-se numa das grandes potências do Próximo Oriente no Bronze Final. Ao destruir o reino de Mitani, o seu rival na Mesopotâmia setentrional, o monarca hitita absorveu a maioria dos seus territórios do norte da Síria, estendendo o seu domínio desde a margem oeste do Eufrates até à costa mediterrânea. A presença hitita nesse território está patente não apenas nas tabuinhas cuneiformes que relatam os aspectos político-militares, como na cultura material encontrada no registo arqueológico.
Na corrente dissertação pretende-se correlacionar as fontes históricas com os achados arqueológicos de modo a compreender o impacto da presença hitita nos reinos vassalos sírios e as suas repercussões nas esferas administrativa, religiosa, arquitectónica e artística. Tenciona-se igualmente analisar a natureza do imperialismo hitita e as diferentes adaptações ao seu domínio nos vários reinos vassalos. Este estudo serve como contribuição para a compreensão dos diversos mecanismos do poder imperial adoptados por Ḫatti numa das regiões integrantes do seu império.
With the ascension of Šuppiluliuma I (c. 1350 B.C.E.) to the throne, the kingdom of Ḫatti became one of the most powerful realms of the Ancient Near East in the Late Bronze Age. By destroying their enemy’s reign Mitanni in northern Mesopotamia, the hittite monarch incorporated most of their territories of northern Syria, expanding his domain from the Euphrates river in the west to the mediterranean coast in the east. The hittite presence in this territory is not only perceptible in the cuneiform tablets, which reports the political-military aspects, but also in the material culture found in the archaeological record. This dissertation seeks to correlate the historical sources with the archaeological findings in order to comprehend the impact of the hittite presence in the syrian vassal kingdoms and their repercussions in the administrative, religious, architectural and artistic spheres. It also intendeds to analyze the nature of the hittite imperialism and the different adaptations of the various vassal kingdoms to its domain. This study is a contribution to the comprehension of the numerous mechanisms of the imperial power endorsed by Ḫatti in one of the regions integrated in its empire.
With the ascension of Šuppiluliuma I (c. 1350 B.C.E.) to the throne, the kingdom of Ḫatti became one of the most powerful realms of the Ancient Near East in the Late Bronze Age. By destroying their enemy’s reign Mitanni in northern Mesopotamia, the hittite monarch incorporated most of their territories of northern Syria, expanding his domain from the Euphrates river in the west to the mediterranean coast in the east. The hittite presence in this territory is not only perceptible in the cuneiform tablets, which reports the political-military aspects, but also in the material culture found in the archaeological record. This dissertation seeks to correlate the historical sources with the archaeological findings in order to comprehend the impact of the hittite presence in the syrian vassal kingdoms and their repercussions in the administrative, religious, architectural and artistic spheres. It also intendeds to analyze the nature of the hittite imperialism and the different adaptations of the various vassal kingdoms to its domain. This study is a contribution to the comprehension of the numerous mechanisms of the imperial power endorsed by Ḫatti in one of the regions integrated in its empire.
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Império Hitita Síria Síria setentrional e ocidental Idade do Bronze Final Cultura material Tabuinhas cuneiformes Aculturação Northern and western Syria Late Bronze Age (LBA) Hittite Empire Material culture Cuneiform tablets Acculturation