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Género e Ambiente: Reflexões sobre o papel da mulher na questão socioambiental
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Este trabalho visa estudar as particularidades presentes na questão de gênero que se materializam na relação que as mulheres compartilham com o ambiente. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como intuito compreender como o gênero feminino ao se relacionar com a natureza, contribui para a construção da sociedade contemporânea. O estudo também pretende abarcar a relevância dos ideais ecofeministas possibilitando uma reflexão da opressão que as mulheres e o ambiente sofrem pelo sistema patriarcal. Após ponderar sobre o papel da mulher na questão socioambiental iremos pensar a questão de gênero frente aos desafios atuais, em um cenário em que a sociedade busca o Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Considerando instituições de ensino superior enquanto espaços de construção de conhecimento, inclusive na área ambiental, optou-se pela realização de uma pesquisa empírica nesse universo. As entrevistas realizadas contribuíram para o entendimento da relação que mulheres estudantes compartilham com a natureza, através dos seus hábitos de consumo, posicionamento político e saber comum. O trabalho revelou que três das entrevistadas relacionam essa ligação entre mulher e natureza à uma construção social, que perpassa sobre as relações sociais e as divisões de classe, raça, gênero e casta; que duas entrevistadas apontam o aspecto biológico na centralidade dessa relação e que outras três entrevistadas não veem distinção de gênero no processo de aproximação com o ambiente. As considerações finais apontam o ecofeminismo como uma das alternativas que contestam as desigualdades e violências existentes no corpo social e que se apresenta enquanto uma variação onde as relações interpessoais e com a natureza são pensadas de maneiras antiautoritárias. Assim, a teoria ou filosofia ecofeminista deve ser pensada em uma perspectiva que visa contribuir para a emancipação política e de empoderamento das mulheres, contestando aspectos que reforcem estereótipos de gênero, reduzindo e classificando aspectos sociais e biológicos da mulher no processo por uma sociedade mais sustentável.
This study, intended to realize how the particularities present in the gender issue are expressed in the correlation between women and the environment. Therefore, the following objectives are to comprehend how a woman contributes to construction of a contemporary society regarding environmental issues in the process. The study also intends to include the relevance of ecofeminist ideals, allowing a reflection of the oppression that women and the environment endure on a patriarchal system. After reflecting on the role of women in the socio-environmental issue this work will consider the gender issues face current challenges, in a scenario where the civil society seeks a sustainable development. Regarding the role of Higher Education Institutions as essential sources of knowledge, specially relating to the environment, this case study was decided upon. The empirical research contributed to understanding of the relation that women share with a nature environment, through their habits of consumption, political positioning and common knowledge. Results showed that three of the interviews relate this approach between women and environment to a social factor, regarding social relations as class distinction, race, gender and caste; it also indicates that two consider the biological aspect as the center of this relation. On the other hand, three of the interviews does not see gender distinction in the process of environment approach. Final considerations pointed ecofeminism as one of the alternatives that contest social inequalities and other forms of social violence, that also presents itself as a variation where interpersonal and nature relationships are thought in an anti-authoritarian way. Therefore, Ecofeminist theory or philosophy must be thought in a perspective that aims to contribute to political emancipation and women empowerment, contesting gender stereotypes that reduce and classify women’s social and biological issues during the process to achieve a more sustainable society
This study, intended to realize how the particularities present in the gender issue are expressed in the correlation between women and the environment. Therefore, the following objectives are to comprehend how a woman contributes to construction of a contemporary society regarding environmental issues in the process. The study also intends to include the relevance of ecofeminist ideals, allowing a reflection of the oppression that women and the environment endure on a patriarchal system. After reflecting on the role of women in the socio-environmental issue this work will consider the gender issues face current challenges, in a scenario where the civil society seeks a sustainable development. Regarding the role of Higher Education Institutions as essential sources of knowledge, specially relating to the environment, this case study was decided upon. The empirical research contributed to understanding of the relation that women share with a nature environment, through their habits of consumption, political positioning and common knowledge. Results showed that three of the interviews relate this approach between women and environment to a social factor, regarding social relations as class distinction, race, gender and caste; it also indicates that two consider the biological aspect as the center of this relation. On the other hand, three of the interviews does not see gender distinction in the process of environment approach. Final considerations pointed ecofeminism as one of the alternatives that contest social inequalities and other forms of social violence, that also presents itself as a variation where interpersonal and nature relationships are thought in an anti-authoritarian way. Therefore, Ecofeminist theory or philosophy must be thought in a perspective that aims to contribute to political emancipation and women empowerment, contesting gender stereotypes that reduce and classify women’s social and biological issues during the process to achieve a more sustainable society
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Palavras-chave
Gênero Ambiente Mulher Ecologia humana Desenvolvimento sustentável Gender Environment Women Human ecology Sustainable Development