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Industrialização e organização corportiva da baleação costeira portuguesa (1937-1958)
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O objecto deste estudo é a transformação que se dá na baleação costeira portuguesa (Açores, Madeira e Continente) entre 1937 e 1958 a partir dos dois fenómenos de industrialização e integração na organização corporativa das pescas. À partida estes fenómenos estão profundamente relacionados com o Estado e as opções de política económica tomadas na época. Por um lado, as iniciativas na transformação dos meios de produção estarão sujeitas à intervenção administrativa pela restrição da concorrência entre privados e o favorecimento a investimentos considerados de “interesse nacional”. Por outro, a organização corporativa dos sectores produtivos do País reflectirá mais a intervenção do Estado do que a autodirecção económica e social que os modelos doutrinários atribuíam às corporações. Ao longo do exercício procuramos debater as intersecções entre uma pequena indústria sediada nas Ilhas Adjacentes e as instituições que lhe foram impostas pelo Estado Novo. A análise permitiu-nos estabelecer uma hipótese de partida: a construção de unidades industriais e a formação de um grémio patronal de “armadores” parece um processo unívoco, com os mesmos actores, embora sujeito a vários condicionalismos.
The aim of this work is to understand the transformation that takes place in the Portuguese shore-whaling between 1937 and 1958 with the industrialization and the integration into the corporate organization of fisheries. At the outset these changes are deeply related to the State and the economic policy options taken at the time. On the one hand, the initiatives in the transformation of the means of production will be submitted to administrative intervention by the restriction of competition between private and favouring investments deemed of "national interest". Second, the corporate organization of the productive sectors of the country will reveal more state intervention than the self-direction that the doctrinal models attached to corporations. Throughout this work we try to discuss the intersections between a small industry and institutions that have been imposed by the Portuguese New State. The analysis allowed us to establish a starting hypothesis : the rising of industrial units and the constitution of a guild of " shipowners" seems a univocal process , with the same actors , although subject to various constraints .
The aim of this work is to understand the transformation that takes place in the Portuguese shore-whaling between 1937 and 1958 with the industrialization and the integration into the corporate organization of fisheries. At the outset these changes are deeply related to the State and the economic policy options taken at the time. On the one hand, the initiatives in the transformation of the means of production will be submitted to administrative intervention by the restriction of competition between private and favouring investments deemed of "national interest". Second, the corporate organization of the productive sectors of the country will reveal more state intervention than the self-direction that the doctrinal models attached to corporations. Throughout this work we try to discuss the intersections between a small industry and institutions that have been imposed by the Portuguese New State. The analysis allowed us to establish a starting hypothesis : the rising of industrial units and the constitution of a guild of " shipowners" seems a univocal process , with the same actors , although subject to various constraints .
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Industrialização Organização corporativa Baleação costeira portuguesa