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Mobility trends in New York city’s outer boroughs post enhanced taxi coverage
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New York City (NYC) has long been defined by its robust public transit network, yet the
outer boroughs—Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Upper Manhattan—have
historically experienced limited access to traditional Yellow Taxi services. In response, the
city introduced Green Taxis in 2013 to enhance taxi availability outside Manhattan,
coinciding with the rise of ride-hailing services like Uber and Lyft. This study investigates
the impact of enhanced taxi coverage on mobility trends in NYC’s outer boroughs, focusing
on subway usage, congestion levels, and private car ownership. Using data from the NYC
Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), the Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC),
and automated traffic volume counts, this research examines geo-specific mobility patterns.
The findings indicate that subway ridership has increased in higher-income areas such as
Manhattan, while it has declined in middle-income neighborhoods, particularly in Brooklyn
and Queens, where reliance on taxis and private cars has grown. Green Taxis, initially
designed to improve outer borough transportation, have seen a decline in ridership,
overshadowed by the rapid expansion of ride-hailing services. Additionally, congestion has
worsened, especially in Brooklyn and Queens, with a notable increase in private car
ownership. These trends suggest a shift towards greater car dependency in NYC’s outer
boroughs, challenging the sustainability of public transit. The study underscores the need for
city planners to enhance subway reliability, expand non-motorized travel infrastructure, and
reconsider the effectiveness of Green Taxis in alleviating transit gaps. Addressing these
mobility challenges is crucial for promoting a balanced and efficient urban transportation
system in NYC.