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Aplicação da medição da temperatura do ar exalado na avaliação da asma
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RESUMO: Nos últimos anos tem-se dado particular relevância ao estudo da temperatura brônquica como marcador inflamatório. No decurso do processo inflamatório, as modificações na vascularização do epitélio brônquico podem condicionar uma alteração na temperatura do ar exalado.
A avaliação desta temperatura poderá assim constituir uma forma de avaliação da inflamação brônquica, dado tratar-se uma técnica não invasiva, portátil e de fácil execução.
O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicabilidade da temperatura do ar exalado (EBT), como biomarcador inflamatório na avaliação da asma. Para tal, tentou-se perceber a associação entre a EBT e outros marcadores de inflamação brônquica (FeNO), função respiratória (espirometria) e perceção de sintomas (asthma control test).
Tratou-se de um estudo composto por duas Fases. Na Fase I, aplicou-se um questionário médico, que permitiu selecionar os alunos a incluir na Fase II.
Na Fase II, a amostra selecionada foi distribuída por dois grupos: Grupo 1 (Asmáticos) e Grupo 0 (Grupo de Controlo).
Os resultados alcançados não suportam a utilização da EBT na avaliação do doente asmático, não se associando com significado com outros meios de diagnóstico.
Verificou-se uma associação positiva entre a EBT e os volumes pulmonares, que poderá estar diretamente relacionada com o tamanho dos pulmões e a maior vasculatura brônquica, mas mais estudos serão necessários para confirmar esta hipótese.
ABSTRACT: In the last few years we have given particular relevance to the study of bronchial temperature as an inflammatory marker. During the inflammatory process, changes in vascularization of the bronchial epithelium may cause a change in temperature of the exhaled air. The evaluation of this temperature may constitute a simple form of evaluation of bronchial inflammation, since this is non-invasive, portable and easy to perform. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of exhaled air temperature as an inflammatory biomarker in the assessment of asthma. For this purpose, we tried to understand the association between EBT and other bronchial inflammation markers (FeNO), lung function (spirometry) and perceived symptoms (asthma control test). This study consisted in two phases. In Phase I, participants were evaluated using a medical questionnaire, allowing us to select the students to be included in Phase II. In Phase II, the selected sample was distributed into two groups: Group 1 (Asthmatics) and Group 0 (control). The results do not support the use of EBT in the evaluation of asthmatic patients. It was found a positive association between EBT and lung volumes that can be directly related to the size of the lungs and to increase bronchial vasculature. More studies are needed in order to confirm this hypothesis.
ABSTRACT: In the last few years we have given particular relevance to the study of bronchial temperature as an inflammatory marker. During the inflammatory process, changes in vascularization of the bronchial epithelium may cause a change in temperature of the exhaled air. The evaluation of this temperature may constitute a simple form of evaluation of bronchial inflammation, since this is non-invasive, portable and easy to perform. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of exhaled air temperature as an inflammatory biomarker in the assessment of asthma. For this purpose, we tried to understand the association between EBT and other bronchial inflammation markers (FeNO), lung function (spirometry) and perceived symptoms (asthma control test). This study consisted in two phases. In Phase I, participants were evaluated using a medical questionnaire, allowing us to select the students to be included in Phase II. In Phase II, the selected sample was distributed into two groups: Group 1 (Asthmatics) and Group 0 (control). The results do not support the use of EBT in the evaluation of asthmatic patients. It was found a positive association between EBT and lung volumes that can be directly related to the size of the lungs and to increase bronchial vasculature. More studies are needed in order to confirm this hypothesis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Asma Espirometria Fração exalada de óxido nítrico Inflamação Sintomas Temperatura do ar exalado Asthma Spirometry Fractional exhaled nitric oxide Inflammation Symptoms Exhaled breath temperature