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Climate action and cost of equity: examining the relationship between environmental initiatives and equity financing of European companies
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This thesis investigates the relationship between climate action and the cost of equity (CoE),
analyzing data from 289 European firms (2018-2022). Climate action is represented by
emission intensity, waste intensity, and renewable energy share. The adjusted Fama-French
model identifies positive factor loadings for sustainable portfolios, indicating systematic
sustainability risk premia and an associated CoE increase. In contrast, unsustainable portfolios
exhibit negative factor loadings, resulting in lower CoE values. The finding for emission
intensity is supported by the hybrid firm-level approach, developed in this thesis and employing
panel data regression. These results suggest dual investor behavior and further research.
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Climate action Cost of equity Fama-French Factor Model Panel Data Regression Model Systematic and idiosyncratic risk