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This study investigates the effect of sustainability initiatives on strategic alliance formation in
the biopharmaceutical industry, framed within the theories of dynamic capabilities and cultural
dimensions by considering the role of a firm long-term orientation as a strengthening factor.
Using a Poisson regression model, we analyse the impact of a company’s sustainability
initiatives, using their ESG combined scores, on the number of annual alliances formed over a
15-year period. The findings revealed a positive correlation effect between a firm’s high ESG
scores and an increased tendency for alliance formation, suggesting that sustainability
initiatives significantly enhance a company’s attractiveness for strategic partnerships.
Furthermore, the integration of long-term orientation as a moderating variable reveals that
firms with future-oriented national cultures benefit from the impact of their sustainability
initiative on strategic alliance formation. Considering the individual environmental, social, and
governance pillars confirmed this trend across each dimension. The study concludes that
sustainability efforts, particularly when aligned with a long-term vision, are able to foster
strategic alliances within the biopharmaceutical sector. As such this research contributes to
understanding how sustainability initiatives conjointly with a firm's local cultural settings can
shape its alliance dynamics.
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Alliance formation Strategic alliances Sustainability Esg Strategy Sustainable initiatives Bio-pharmaceutical
