A carregar...
Publicação
Disinformation and the dawn of hybrid threats: An analysis of the January 6th insurrection on the U.S Capitol (2021)
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.24 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
As democracias liberais de hoje encontram-se a braços com novos desafios nascentes no âmago da participação cívica e política dos seus cidadãos. No dia 6 de janeiro de 2021, o Capitólio dos Estados Unidos foi alvo de um golpe insurreccionista: Um ataque doméstico que visou anular os resultados eleitorais das eleições presidenciais de 2020. Para além de constituir um dos mais flagrantes atos de terrorismo doméstico na história contemporânea dos EUA, o golpe consagrou uma fusão de métodos e arenas de ataque contra democracias modernas. Categorias estas que desafiam, amiúde, cosmovisões sobre ameaças regulares à segurança de Estados Liberais. Na Informação sagra-se uma arma preeminente para novos agentes de influência que capitalizam nos recursos técnicos da sociedade em Rede para satisfazerem os seus interesses- em detrimento do contrato social entre cidadão e governo.
As ameaças híbridas apresentam um novo paradigma de ataque ao Ocidente. Pugnam pela identificação e exploração das vulnerabilidades socioinstitucionais das democracias liberais por via da ultidimensionalidade, da sincronicidade, da ambiguidade. A desinformação, o foco central desta análise, providenciou o
enquadramento socio-comportamental ao universo insurreccionista antes da invasão; a comunicação social e as TIC estabeleceram as plataformas imateriais para a operação. Inteligência e Análise é empregue doravante para ilustrar os desafios propostos pelas ameaças híbridas a atores de segurança no Ocidente. Instrumentos estes que, fundados numa inerente ambiguidade de identificação, tornam-se ainda mais desafiantes à deteção em espaços digitais protegidos pela Primeira Emenda da Constituição dos Estados
Unidos.
Não significa isto que a operacionalidade híbrida pressupõe o declínio de ameaças tradicionais no Ocidente. Exige, contudo, a consideração de novas áreas de intervenção para emular e responder a novos paradigmas de disrupção de democracias ocidentais. Propomos aqui o teatro de operações estabelecido por Donald Trump em torno da narrativa de fraude eleitoral como estudo de caso para o discurso político enquanto ferramenta de ataque híbrido face ao rule of law democrático. Visamos, então, determinar os vetores centrais desta ofensiva híbrida contra a democracia norte americana. Partindo deste caso prático, concluiremos que as democracias ocidentais não podem ser complacentes em relação às suas fragilidades, nem aos adversários imiscuídos no tecido sociopolítico nacional, pugnando pela exploração das mesmas.
Today, liberal democracies find themselves at odds with new challenges propelled by shifting tides of civic and political engagement of their citizens. On January 6th, 2021, the U.S. Capitol was stormed by a mob of insurrectionists with the intent to overturn the electoral results that saw incumbent President Donald Trump lose to former Vice-President Joe Biden. This seditious conspiracy consummated not just one of the most flagrant acts of domestic terrorism in modern U.S. history, but the melding of offensive methods and arenas that effectively blur the distinction between regular and irregular threats to national security in Western democracies. Information is now the weapon of choice for powerful figures, utilizing all modes of communication within our networked environments to exact their interests in detriment of the social contract between citizens and government. As this investigation details, hybrid threats present a new offensive paradigm that hones in on endogenous vulnerabilities of liberal democracies and harnesses them in multidimensional and synchronous avenues of attack. Disinformation is the centerpiece of our analysis of the non-kinetic dynamics preceding the Jan 6 insurrection, while Mass Media provides the instrument of operationality for the crime. Intelligence Analysis lends itself to a supplemental role in our inquiry, to better comprehend the conceptual difficulties that hybrid threats pose to national security operators in the West. To a fault, hybrid threats are inherently difficult to assess and identify. A challenge that is further complicated by the indulgent environments of First Amendment-protected spaces where narrative-based operations thrive. However, the advent of hybrid operations does not imply the decline of traditional threats. It does demand notwithstanding the consideration of new arenas of expertise to emulate and adapt to the hybrid matrix of these foes. We believe that the narrative theater built by Donald Trump around the groundless claim of electoral is perfectly tailored to our inquiry into the use of political narrative as a tool of hybrid assault on the democratic rule of law. This dissertation aims to determine the core elements of the hybrid attack delivered to American democracy on January 6th, 2021. Liberal institutions can no longer be complacent towards their fragilities, for there are now foes dedicated to their surgical exploitation. Let us see how.
Today, liberal democracies find themselves at odds with new challenges propelled by shifting tides of civic and political engagement of their citizens. On January 6th, 2021, the U.S. Capitol was stormed by a mob of insurrectionists with the intent to overturn the electoral results that saw incumbent President Donald Trump lose to former Vice-President Joe Biden. This seditious conspiracy consummated not just one of the most flagrant acts of domestic terrorism in modern U.S. history, but the melding of offensive methods and arenas that effectively blur the distinction between regular and irregular threats to national security in Western democracies. Information is now the weapon of choice for powerful figures, utilizing all modes of communication within our networked environments to exact their interests in detriment of the social contract between citizens and government. As this investigation details, hybrid threats present a new offensive paradigm that hones in on endogenous vulnerabilities of liberal democracies and harnesses them in multidimensional and synchronous avenues of attack. Disinformation is the centerpiece of our analysis of the non-kinetic dynamics preceding the Jan 6 insurrection, while Mass Media provides the instrument of operationality for the crime. Intelligence Analysis lends itself to a supplemental role in our inquiry, to better comprehend the conceptual difficulties that hybrid threats pose to national security operators in the West. To a fault, hybrid threats are inherently difficult to assess and identify. A challenge that is further complicated by the indulgent environments of First Amendment-protected spaces where narrative-based operations thrive. However, the advent of hybrid operations does not imply the decline of traditional threats. It does demand notwithstanding the consideration of new arenas of expertise to emulate and adapt to the hybrid matrix of these foes. We believe that the narrative theater built by Donald Trump around the groundless claim of electoral is perfectly tailored to our inquiry into the use of political narrative as a tool of hybrid assault on the democratic rule of law. This dissertation aims to determine the core elements of the hybrid attack delivered to American democracy on January 6th, 2021. Liberal institutions can no longer be complacent towards their fragilities, for there are now foes dedicated to their surgical exploitation. Let us see how.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hybrid Threats Democratic Backsliding Social Media Disinformation truth decay U.S. Capitol Intelligence Analysis Social Swarming Domestic Terrorism Ameaças híbridas Retrocesso democrático Social Media Desinformação decadência da verdade Capitólio dos EUA Análise de informações Terrorismo doméstico