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Evolução da personagem feminina nas literaturas ibéricas e ibero-americanas do século XIX ao XX
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Resumo(s)
O modo como escritores homens retratam a personagem mulher, nas literaturas ibéricas
e ibero-americanas, progride ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX, mediante as mudanças em
valores culturais locais e globais, e as formas de opressão social. O objetivo desta
dissertação é de analisar como esta evolução ocorre, estabelecendo diálogo entre as obras
canônicas: Iracema (1865), de José de Alencar, O Crime do Padre Amaro (1875), de Eça
de Queirós, El Señor Presidente (1946), de Miguel Ángel Asturias e Crónica de una
muerte anunciada (1981), de Gabriel García Márquez. Este estudo é amparado por:
teorias comparatistas no âmbito ibérico e ibero-americano, teorias da Estética da
Recepção e de The Rhetoric of Fiction 2°ed. Assim como teorias sobre o “mecanismo do
bode expiatório” e sobre feminismo interseccional. Conclui-se que em Iracema e em O
Crime do Padre Amaro, no século XIX, as personagens femininas são punidas por seus
desejos sexuais e por suas imperfeições. Enquanto em El Señor Presidente e Crónica de
una muerte anunciada, no século XX, as mulheres passam a ser retratadas como símbolos
de força e resistência.
The way in which male writers portray the female character in Iberian and Ibero American literatures progresses throughout the XIX and XX centuries, through changes in local and global cultural values, and forms of social oppression. The objective of this dissertation is to analyze how this evolution occurs, establishing a dialogue between the canonical books: Iracema (1865), by José de Alencar, O Crime do Padre Amaro (1875), by Eça de Queirós, El Señor Presidente (1946), by Miguel Ángel Asturias and Crónica de una muerte anunciada (1981), by Gabriel García Márquez. This study is supported by comparative theories in the Iberian and Ibero-American context, the theories of the Aesthetics of Reception and The Rhetoric of Fiction 2nd ed. As well as theories about the "scapegoat mechanism" and about intersectional feminism. It is concluded that in Iracema and in O Crime do Padre Amaro, in the XIX century, the female characters are punished for their sexual desire and imperfections. While in El Señor Presidente and Crónica de una muerte anunciada, in the XX century, women are portrayed as symbols of strength and resistance.
The way in which male writers portray the female character in Iberian and Ibero American literatures progresses throughout the XIX and XX centuries, through changes in local and global cultural values, and forms of social oppression. The objective of this dissertation is to analyze how this evolution occurs, establishing a dialogue between the canonical books: Iracema (1865), by José de Alencar, O Crime do Padre Amaro (1875), by Eça de Queirós, El Señor Presidente (1946), by Miguel Ángel Asturias and Crónica de una muerte anunciada (1981), by Gabriel García Márquez. This study is supported by comparative theories in the Iberian and Ibero-American context, the theories of the Aesthetics of Reception and The Rhetoric of Fiction 2nd ed. As well as theories about the "scapegoat mechanism" and about intersectional feminism. It is concluded that in Iracema and in O Crime do Padre Amaro, in the XIX century, the female characters are punished for their sexual desire and imperfections. While in El Señor Presidente and Crónica de una muerte anunciada, in the XX century, women are portrayed as symbols of strength and resistance.
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Palavras-chave
Personagem feminina Literaturas ibéricas Literaturas ibero-americanas Literatura comparada Patriarcado Female character. Iberian literature Ibero-American literature Comparative literature Patriarchate