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Biometano na Península Ibérica e a sua contribuição para a Transição Energética
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A acumulação de gases com efeito de estufa na atmosfera, especialmente metano, promove o aquecimento global, surgindo a necessidade de criar medidas para reduzir este impacto. A transição energética visa a substituição de combustíveis fósseis por fontes de energia renovável para minimizar as alterações climáticas.
O biometano, um gás que contém entre 94-99% de metano, resulta da purificação do biogás produzido através de digestão anaeróbia de resíduos orgânicos. Este gás renovável permite minimizar a emissão de gases com efeito de estufa, não só através da valorização de resíduos que libertariam metano na sua decomposição, como pela substituição do gás natural, um combustível fóssil que pode ser diretamente substituído por biometano.
A sua injeção no sistema de gás natural existe atualmente em Espanha, com 9 unidades ativas, embora ainda não exista em Portugal. No entanto, faz parte da estratégia da Península Ibérica para reduzir as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa e dependência da importação de gás natural.
Para ser injetado na rede de gás natural, a monitorização da sua composição é contínua, através de cromatógrafos nos quais são utilizados gases de arraste. Foram desenvolvidos cenários para prever a evolução do mercado dos gases especiais para análise do biometano na Península Ibérica, onde se traçaram limites dentro dos quais deverá variar em função das metas de cada país.
Apesar de as previsões considerarem metas ambiciosas por parte destes países, os resultados demonstram um mercado em crescimento, representando uma oportunidade para a Air Liquide, que fornece os gases puros fundamentais à garantia de qualidade do biometano em cada unidade de produção.
The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially methane, promotes global warming and there is a need to create measures to reduce this impact. The energy transition aims to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy sources to reduce climate change. Biomethane, a gas containing between 94-99% methane, results from the purification of biogas produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic waste. This renewable gas makes it possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, not only by recovering waste that would release methane during decomposition, but also by replacing natural gas, a fossil fuel that can be directly replaced by bio-methane. Its injection into the natural gas system currently exists in Spain, with 9 active plants, although it doesn't yet exist in Portugal. However, it is part of Iberia's strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emis-sions and its dependence on natural gas imports. In order to be injected into the natural gas grid, its composition is continuously monitored us-ing chromatographs in which carrier gases are used. Scenarios have been developed to predict the evolution of the specialty gas market for biomethane analysis in Iberia, setting limits within which it should vary according to each country's targets. Although the forecasts consider ambitious targets in these countries, the results show a grow-ing market, representing an opportunity for Air Liquide, which supplies the pure gases that are fun-damental to guaranteeing the quality of biomethane in each production unit.
The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially methane, promotes global warming and there is a need to create measures to reduce this impact. The energy transition aims to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy sources to reduce climate change. Biomethane, a gas containing between 94-99% methane, results from the purification of biogas produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic waste. This renewable gas makes it possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, not only by recovering waste that would release methane during decomposition, but also by replacing natural gas, a fossil fuel that can be directly replaced by bio-methane. Its injection into the natural gas system currently exists in Spain, with 9 active plants, although it doesn't yet exist in Portugal. However, it is part of Iberia's strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emis-sions and its dependence on natural gas imports. In order to be injected into the natural gas grid, its composition is continuously monitored us-ing chromatographs in which carrier gases are used. Scenarios have been developed to predict the evolution of the specialty gas market for biomethane analysis in Iberia, setting limits within which it should vary according to each country's targets. Although the forecasts consider ambitious targets in these countries, the results show a grow-ing market, representing an opportunity for Air Liquide, which supplies the pure gases that are fun-damental to guaranteeing the quality of biomethane in each production unit.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biometano Península Ibérica Gases Especiais Injeção na rede Redes de Gás Natural