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Relatório de Estágio Curricular no Juízo de Execução de Oeiras - O Regime da Penhora de Bens Comuns em Execução Movida Contra um dos Cônjuges
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O presente relatório foi elaborado na sequência de um estágio curricular que realizámos no Juízo de Execução de Oeiras do Tribunal Judicial da Comarca de Lisboa Oeste, no âmbito da componente não letiva do Mestrado em Direito Forense e Arbitragem na NOVA School of Law. O tema do trabalho é o regime da penhora de bens comuns em execução movida contra um dos cônjuges, matéria com a qual contactámos durante o estágio.
Sendo instaurada uma ação executiva contra apenas um dos elementos de um casal, este ocupará, no processo, a posição de executado, tendo ao seu dispor todos os poderes inerentes a essa posição. O outro cônjuge, que não foi visado pela execução, não terá o mesmo estatuto processual, mas poderá intervir num conjunto específico de situações, onde se incluem os casos em que é penhorado um bem comum do casal. Em virtude da referida penhora, a lei determina que este cônjuge seja citado para a ação, suscitando-se, contudo, várias questões a propósito de tal citação e dos poderes processuais a ela subsequentes.
Neste relatório, pretendemos responder a essas questões. Para o efeito, começaremos por fazer uma referência geral às situações em que o cônjuge do executado intervém na ação executiva, de modo a enquadrar a intervenção resultante da penhora de bens comuns (art.º 740º do CPC), que será, de seguida, objeto de um tratamento particular. Este consistirá na análise, em primeiro lugar, dos pressupostos para a citação do cônjuge nesta situação, em segundo, dos aspetos relativos à citação em si e, em terceiro, dos
poderes processuais que o cônjuge, uma vez citado, poderá exercer. Desta forma, esperamos apresentar uma explicação aprofundada, mas de fácil compreensão, do regime da penhora de bens comuns em execução movida contra um dos cônjuges.
This report was produced following a curricular internship that we undertook at the Oeiras Enforcement Court of the West Lisbon Judicial District, as part of the non-taught component of the master’s degree in Litigation and Arbitration at NOVA School of Law. The topic of the work is the system of attachment of joint assets in enforcement proceedings brought against one of the spouses, a subject matter we encountered during the internship. If an enforcement action is brought against only one of the members of a couple, he or she will occupy the position of defendant in the proceedings, having at his or her disposal all the powers inherent to that position. The other spouse, who has not been targeted by the enforcement, will not have the same procedural status, but will be able to intervene in a specific set of situations, which include the cases where a joint asset of the couple is attached. As a result of said attachment, the law determines that this spouse be summoned to the action, however, several questions arise regarding that summons and the procedural powers that follow it. In this report, we intend to answer those questions. To that end, we will start by making a general reference to the situations in which the spouse of the defendant intervenes in the enforcement action, so as to frame the intervention resulting from the attachment of joint assets (article 740º of the CPC), which will then be given special detail. This will consist of analysing, firstly, the preconditions for summoning the spouse in this situation, secondly, the aspects relating to the summons itself and, thirdly, the procedural powers that the spouse, once summoned, may exert. In this way, we hope to present an in-depth but easy-to-understand explanation of the system of attachment of joint assets in enforcement proceedings brought against one of the spouses.
This report was produced following a curricular internship that we undertook at the Oeiras Enforcement Court of the West Lisbon Judicial District, as part of the non-taught component of the master’s degree in Litigation and Arbitration at NOVA School of Law. The topic of the work is the system of attachment of joint assets in enforcement proceedings brought against one of the spouses, a subject matter we encountered during the internship. If an enforcement action is brought against only one of the members of a couple, he or she will occupy the position of defendant in the proceedings, having at his or her disposal all the powers inherent to that position. The other spouse, who has not been targeted by the enforcement, will not have the same procedural status, but will be able to intervene in a specific set of situations, which include the cases where a joint asset of the couple is attached. As a result of said attachment, the law determines that this spouse be summoned to the action, however, several questions arise regarding that summons and the procedural powers that follow it. In this report, we intend to answer those questions. To that end, we will start by making a general reference to the situations in which the spouse of the defendant intervenes in the enforcement action, so as to frame the intervention resulting from the attachment of joint assets (article 740º of the CPC), which will then be given special detail. This will consist of analysing, firstly, the preconditions for summoning the spouse in this situation, secondly, the aspects relating to the summons itself and, thirdly, the procedural powers that the spouse, once summoned, may exert. In this way, we hope to present an in-depth but easy-to-understand explanation of the system of attachment of joint assets in enforcement proceedings brought against one of the spouses.
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estágio citação execução Penhora bens comuns cônjuge do executado poderes processuais internship enforcement attachment joint assets summons spouse of the defendant procedural powers