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Materialidade e identidade: O papel dos objetos no quotidiano na Idade Moderna (séculos XVI-XVIII)
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Ao longo dos séculos e por toda a parte os objetos de uso pessoal sempre fascinaram a cultura humana e sempre tiveram um papel de destaque na vida quotidiana. As materialidades, produzidas por uma sociedade, independentemente da sua cultura, religião ou etnia, surgem assim como fundamentais para o seu estudo, de forma a compreendermos a sua evolução, a sua dinâmica e a sua identidade. Entre o que se considera objetos pessoais surgem não apenas os objetos de adorno, fundamentais no reconhecimento e integração social, tais como anéis, pulseiras, brincos, mas igualmente, objetos funcionais utilizados no vestuário, como botões e fivelas, mas de igual forma objetos de cariz religioso como terços, rosários, compostos por pequenas contas, contas essas que por vezes se encontram associadas também à primeira categoria aqui mencionada. Acrescentamos ainda o uso pessoal e intransmissível do cachimbo. Tais artefactos são demonstrações da capacidade de escolha, comunidade, tradição, e outras estruturas culturais de cada um dos seus portadores. Apesar de serem substancialmente minoritários quando comparados com a restante cultura material, foi a sua excecionalidade, estética, caraterísticas profilácticas e apotropaicas e a capacidade de construção de narrativas em torno dos indivíduos que os fez serem alvo de diversos estudos. Não obstante a importância dessas interpretações, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo não apenas o estudo desses objetos em termos cognitivos, mas igualmente a sua importância no reconhecimento de identidades individuais e coletivas, tais como género, religião, etnia, entre outros. Nesse sentido, esta dissertação apoia-se num estudo que parte de quatro sítios arqueológicos na zona da grande Lisboa, nas quais se incluem objetos oriundos de lixeiras domésticas, aterros e contextos funerários. O objetivo é fazer o estudo desses pequenos objetos e debater a sua importância cultural e simbólica entre os séculos XVI a XVIII.
Over the centuries and everywhere, personal objects have always fascinated human culture and always played an important role in everyday life. The material culture produced by a society, regardless of its culture, religion or ethnicity, appears as well as being fundamental for its study, to understand its evolution, dynamics and identity. Among what are considered personal objects, not only adornment objects, fundamental in social recognition and integration, such as rings, bracelets, earrings, but also functional objects used in clothing, such as buttons and buckles, but equally objects of religious charities such as rosaries, rosaries, composed of small beads, beads that are sometimes also associated with the first category mentioned here. We also add personal and non-transferable pipe use. Such artefacts are demonstrations of the choice, community, tradition, and other cultural structures of each of their bearers. Despite being substantially in the minority when compared to the rest of material culture, it was their exceptionality, aesthetics prophylactic and apotropaic characteristics and the ability to build narratives around individuals that made them save from several studies. Despite the importance of these interpretations, the present work aims not only to study these objects in cognitive terms, but also their importance in the recognition of individual and collective identities - such as gender, religion, ethnicity, among others. This dissertation is based on a study that starts from four archaeological sites in the greater Lisbon area, which include objects from domestic dumps, landfills and funerary contexts. The objective is to study these small objects and discuss their cultural and symbolic importance between the 16th and 18th centuries.
Over the centuries and everywhere, personal objects have always fascinated human culture and always played an important role in everyday life. The material culture produced by a society, regardless of its culture, religion or ethnicity, appears as well as being fundamental for its study, to understand its evolution, dynamics and identity. Among what are considered personal objects, not only adornment objects, fundamental in social recognition and integration, such as rings, bracelets, earrings, but also functional objects used in clothing, such as buttons and buckles, but equally objects of religious charities such as rosaries, rosaries, composed of small beads, beads that are sometimes also associated with the first category mentioned here. We also add personal and non-transferable pipe use. Such artefacts are demonstrations of the choice, community, tradition, and other cultural structures of each of their bearers. Despite being substantially in the minority when compared to the rest of material culture, it was their exceptionality, aesthetics prophylactic and apotropaic characteristics and the ability to build narratives around individuals that made them save from several studies. Despite the importance of these interpretations, the present work aims not only to study these objects in cognitive terms, but also their importance in the recognition of individual and collective identities - such as gender, religion, ethnicity, among others. This dissertation is based on a study that starts from four archaeological sites in the greater Lisbon area, which include objects from domestic dumps, landfills and funerary contexts. The objective is to study these small objects and discuss their cultural and symbolic importance between the 16th and 18th centuries.
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Palavras-chave
Materialidades Idade moderna Pequenos objetos Identidade Modern age Small objects Identity