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Ensino de PLE para fins comerciais: o caso dos aprendentes chineses adultos em Angola
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Ao longo dos últimos anos e num mundo em constante transformação politica, económica, social e cultural, a língua portuguesa tem vindo a ganhar destaque não só devido ao aumento dos falantes como também devido ao papel que esta língua adquiriu nas trocas comerciais. A medida que a cooperação económica se aprofunda entre Angola e a China e tendo em consideração a constante alteração do mercado angolano, importa referir que as empresas chinesas, principalmente de construção civil, num contexto em que estas se encontram, repensaram as estratégias de investimento e optaram por desenvolver os seus empreendimentos nas áreas comerciais. Atendendo a rápida expansão dos centros comerciais em Angola, constatamos que a aprendizagem do português para fins comerciais por parte dos trabalhadores e dos investidores chineses e primordial. De facto, os resultados do ensino que tem sido proporcionado não têm sido satisfatórios, em parte devido ao facto de não ter sido feito um levantamento das necessidades deste publico e de não ter sido criado material didático relacionado com esta área profissional. E a esses aspetos que esta dissertação se destina: o ensino do português para fins comerciais direcionado aos chineses adultos que desenvolvem a sua atividade profissional em Angola, população para a qual o português e língua estrangeira. Posto isso, pretendemos dar respostas para os desafios que se colocam em frente do ensino do português para fins comerciais. Neste trabalho procuramos encontrar os pressupostos teóricos como fundamentação, relacionados com a importância da abordagem comunicativa, do conhecimento sociocultural, da consciência intercultural e das competências sociolinguística e pragmática, das tarefas no ensino, e a faixa etária dos aprendentes. Assim, esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar os pressupostos e seleção dos temas para elaboração de uma material didático para fins comerciais no contexto angolano e por fim propor uma unidade deste material para os profissionais chineses adultos que se encontram em Angola e que pretendem desenvolver a sua proficiência linguística em português nesta área especifica. No que toca a metodologia de investigação, optamos por uma metodologia quanti-qualitativa e por técnicas de recolha de dados variadas: pesquisa documental, aplicação de inquéritos por questionário a emigrantes chineses residentes em Angola e pela realização de entrevistas a angolanos, que, pelo cargo que ocupam, conhecem bem a comunidade chinesa a residir e trabalhar em Angola e as suas necessidades. O trabalho efetuado aponta para uma necessidade urgente de elaboração de um material didático, de abordagem comunicativa, contextualizado e especifico para a área comercial e ligado a uma realidade angolana. A elaboração do material visa colmatar a lacuna e constituir um contributo para um incremento do estudo e divulgação do português junto deste publico especifico. O trabalho encontra-se dividido em cinco capítulos: i) relações económicas e politicas entre Angola e a China; ii) ensino de uma língua estrangeira e de uma língua para fins específicos; iii) metodologia; iv) análise dos dados obtidos nos inquéritos por questionário; e vi) proposta de material didático.
Over the last few years and in a world that is constantly changing politically, economically, socially, and culturally, the Portuguese language has been gaining prominence not only because of the increase in speakers but also because of the role it has acquired in trade. As economic co-operation deepens between Angola and China and considering the constant changes in the Angolan market, it should be noted that Chinese companies, mainly in the construction industry, have rethought their investment strategies and opted to develop their ventures in commercial areas. Given the rapid expansion of shopping centers in Angola, we can see that Chinese workers and investors need to learn Portuguese for commercial purposes. In fact, the results of the teaching that has been provided have not been satisfactory, partly due to the fact that there has been no survey of the needs of this public and no didactic material has been created related to this professional area. The process of teaching and learning Portuguese for specific purposes is far from guaranteed for the development of Chinese investment and professionals in Angola. This dissertation aims to address these aspects: the teaching of Portuguese for business purposes targeted at Chinese adults engaged in professional activities in Angola, where Portuguese is a foreign language. Therefore, the objective is to provide solutions to the challenges faced in teaching Portuguese for commercial purposes. In this work, we seek to identify theoretical assumptions as a foundation, related to the importance of communicative approaches, sociocultural knowledge, intercultural awareness, sociolinguistic and pragmatic competencies, teaching tasks, and the age group of learners. Thus, the dissertation aims to present the assumptions and topic selection for the development of educational materials for commercial purposes in the Angolan context. Finally, it proposes a unit of this material for adult Chinese professionals in Angola aiming to enhance their language proficiency in Portuguese within this specific area. Regarding the research methodology, we opted for a quantitative-qualitative approach and various data collection techniques: document research, questionnaire surveys among Chinese immigrants residing in Angola, and interviews with Angolans familiar with the Chinese community living and working in Angola and their needs. The work underscores an urgent need to develop communicative, contextualized, and specific educational materials for the commercial sector, linked to the Angolan reality. The material's development aims to fill the gap and contribute to increased study and dissemination of Portuguese within this specific audience. The work is divided into five chapters: i) economic and political relations between Angola and China; ii) teaching a foreign language and a language for specific purposes; iii) methodology; iv) analysis of data obtained in the questionnaire surveys; and vi) proposal for teaching material.
Over the last few years and in a world that is constantly changing politically, economically, socially, and culturally, the Portuguese language has been gaining prominence not only because of the increase in speakers but also because of the role it has acquired in trade. As economic co-operation deepens between Angola and China and considering the constant changes in the Angolan market, it should be noted that Chinese companies, mainly in the construction industry, have rethought their investment strategies and opted to develop their ventures in commercial areas. Given the rapid expansion of shopping centers in Angola, we can see that Chinese workers and investors need to learn Portuguese for commercial purposes. In fact, the results of the teaching that has been provided have not been satisfactory, partly due to the fact that there has been no survey of the needs of this public and no didactic material has been created related to this professional area. The process of teaching and learning Portuguese for specific purposes is far from guaranteed for the development of Chinese investment and professionals in Angola. This dissertation aims to address these aspects: the teaching of Portuguese for business purposes targeted at Chinese adults engaged in professional activities in Angola, where Portuguese is a foreign language. Therefore, the objective is to provide solutions to the challenges faced in teaching Portuguese for commercial purposes. In this work, we seek to identify theoretical assumptions as a foundation, related to the importance of communicative approaches, sociocultural knowledge, intercultural awareness, sociolinguistic and pragmatic competencies, teaching tasks, and the age group of learners. Thus, the dissertation aims to present the assumptions and topic selection for the development of educational materials for commercial purposes in the Angolan context. Finally, it proposes a unit of this material for adult Chinese professionals in Angola aiming to enhance their language proficiency in Portuguese within this specific area. Regarding the research methodology, we opted for a quantitative-qualitative approach and various data collection techniques: document research, questionnaire surveys among Chinese immigrants residing in Angola, and interviews with Angolans familiar with the Chinese community living and working in Angola and their needs. The work underscores an urgent need to develop communicative, contextualized, and specific educational materials for the commercial sector, linked to the Angolan reality. The material's development aims to fill the gap and contribute to increased study and dissemination of Portuguese within this specific audience. The work is divided into five chapters: i) economic and political relations between Angola and China; ii) teaching a foreign language and a language for specific purposes; iii) methodology; iv) analysis of data obtained in the questionnaire surveys; and vi) proposal for teaching material.
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Palavras-chave
Angola Aprendentes chineses adultos Português língua estrangeira Português para fins comerciais Criação de materiais didáticos para fins específicos Adult Chinese learners Portuguese as a foreign language Portuguese for business purposes Creation of teaching materials for specific purposes