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Participação Política das Mulheres em Macau: do ponto de vista de Género e de Políticas Públicas
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Ao observarmos a participação política das mulheres em Macau, é evidenciada uma representação feminina abaixo das médias globais e asiáticas. Seguindo o conceito de representação de Hanna Pitkin, a representação descritiva das mulheres em Macau não reflete com precisão a proporção de mulheres na população local. A persistência, ao longo de mais de duas décadas, de um número reduzido de representantes femininas na Assembleia Legislativa de Macau, e a sua diminuição proporcional em relação ao aumento do número total de lugares, levantam questões sobre o impacto da sub-representação das mulheres no campo político na expressão e promoção dos interesses das mulheres. Neste contexto, com o objetivo de avaliar se os/as
deputados/as se envolvem na promoção dos interesses das mulheres e se existem diferenças nas suas ações, utilizamos uma análise de conteúdo qualitativa para examinar todas as interpelações escritas relacionadas aos interesses das mulheres na Assembleia Legislativa no período de 1999 a 2022. Estas interpelações abordam temas como violência doméstica, crimes sexuais, saúde das mulheres e promoção da igualdade de género. Os resultados indicam que, em termos quantitativos, as deputadas adotam uma posição mais ativa em relação a estas questões quando comparadas com os seus colegas do sexo masculino. Contudo, notamos não somente
isso, mas também que nas discussões de políticas, as deputadas abordam estas questões com uma perspetiva de género, destacando as situações específicas enfrentadas pelas mulheres em vários contextos. É mais provável que demonstrem a vida, as perspetivas e as necessidades das mulheres de uma forma específica e
multidimensional. O nosso trabalho fornece evidências a favor do argumento de que são as deputadas quem melhor representa os interesses das mulheres, destacando também a presença de atores críticos.
In examining the political participation of women in Macao, it becomes evident that female representation falls below global and Asian averages. Applying Hanna Pitkin's concept of representation, it is apparent that the descriptive representation of women in Macao does not accurately reflect the proportion of women in the local population. The enduring presence of a limited number of female representatives in the Macao Legislative Assembly for over two decades, coupled with their diminishing proportional representation relative to the overall expansion of total seats, raises significant questions regarding the implications of women's underrepresentation in the political sphere for the expression and advocacy of women's interests. In this context, the study aims to evaluate the extent to which legislators are involved in advancing women's interests and to identify potential disparities in their efforts. Employing qualitative content analysis, this study examined all written interpellations pertaining to women's interests in the Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2022. These interpellations cover a spectrum of subjects including domestic violence, sexual crimes, women's health, and the promotion of gender equality. The findings indicate that, quantitatively, female legislators take a more active stance on these issues compared to their male counterparts. However, it is not only this; it's also evident that during policy discussions, female legislators address these issues from a gender perspective, highlighting the specific situations faced by women in various contexts. They are more likely to articulate the lives, perspectives, and needs of women in a specific and multidimensional manner. This research provides evidence in support of the argument that female legislators are more effective in representing women's interests while also highlighting the presence of critical actors.
In examining the political participation of women in Macao, it becomes evident that female representation falls below global and Asian averages. Applying Hanna Pitkin's concept of representation, it is apparent that the descriptive representation of women in Macao does not accurately reflect the proportion of women in the local population. The enduring presence of a limited number of female representatives in the Macao Legislative Assembly for over two decades, coupled with their diminishing proportional representation relative to the overall expansion of total seats, raises significant questions regarding the implications of women's underrepresentation in the political sphere for the expression and advocacy of women's interests. In this context, the study aims to evaluate the extent to which legislators are involved in advancing women's interests and to identify potential disparities in their efforts. Employing qualitative content analysis, this study examined all written interpellations pertaining to women's interests in the Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2022. These interpellations cover a spectrum of subjects including domestic violence, sexual crimes, women's health, and the promotion of gender equality. The findings indicate that, quantitatively, female legislators take a more active stance on these issues compared to their male counterparts. However, it is not only this; it's also evident that during policy discussions, female legislators address these issues from a gender perspective, highlighting the specific situations faced by women in various contexts. They are more likely to articulate the lives, perspectives, and needs of women in a specific and multidimensional manner. This research provides evidence in support of the argument that female legislators are more effective in representing women's interests while also highlighting the presence of critical actors.
Descrição
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Género Desigualdades política Representação Assembleia legislatva Macau Gender Political inequality Representation Legislative assembly Macao