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A dirofilariose é ainda hoje uma doença pouco conhecida da população em geral, mas com grande importância Médico-Veterinária e para os proprietários de canídeos domésticos de zonas endémicas. Doença que apresenta um carácter vectorial e zoonótico é causada pelos nemátodes do gênero Dirofilaria spp., e que têm como hospedeiros definitivos preferenciais os canídeos domésticos.
A nível europeu a incidência desta doença tem vindo a aumentar, em especial os casos de doença provocados por Dirofilaria repens. Em Portugal, os conhecimentos epidemiológicos que temos desta parasitose resultam de um conjunto de estudos que esporadicamente têm sido realizados. Contudo, ainda existem algumas lacunas na informação existente sobre a situação actual da dirofilariose animal e humana no nosso país.
O presente trabalho procurou actualizar a prevalência da doença canina na região centro de Portugal, tendo para isso sido efectuado um estudo epidemiológico, tendo-se recolhido amostras sanguíneas de 308 canideos domésticos que se encontravam alojados em canis municipais e privados. Após a análise das amostras, recorrendo a testes parasitológicos e imunológicos, foi possível detectar uma prevalência global 15,3% para Dirofilaria immitis. Apesar do crescente aumento europeu dos casos de dirofilariose por D. repens na Europa, este estudo tal como os que o antecederam aindam não conseguiu detectar este agente etiológico em Portugal.
No presente trabalho, foi também usada uma abordagem molecular, o que permitiu detectar, pela primeira em Portugal, e em cães por D. immitis, a bactéria endossimbionte Wolbachia pipientis, importante na patologia de certas filárias.
Heartworm disease is still little known by the general population, but is well known and has great importance for Veterinarians and for owners of domestic dogs from endemic areas. This vectorial and zoonotic disease is caused by nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria spp., and dogs are the preferential definitive hosts. In some European regions the incidence of Human and animal disease has been growing, especially those caused by Dirofilaria repens. In Portugal, the epidemiological status of this parasitic disease results from a variety of studies that have been done gradually. Despite those studies there are still some gaps in the information about the current situation of heartworm disease in animals and humans in our country. This study attempted to update the prevalence of dog´s heartworm disease in the central region of Portugal. An epidemiological survey has been conducted envolving 308 domestic dogs housed in municipal and private kennels. Analysis of blood samples, using parasitological and immunological tests, revealed a global prevalence of 15,3% for Dirofilaria immitis. Despite the growing number of European cases of heartworm caused by D. repens, this study, as those conducted previously, failed to detect so far this etiologic agent in Portugal. In this study, we also used a molecular approach, which allowed us to detect for the first time in Portugal in infected dogs with D. immitis, the endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis, an important bacteria in the pathology of certain filariae.
Heartworm disease is still little known by the general population, but is well known and has great importance for Veterinarians and for owners of domestic dogs from endemic areas. This vectorial and zoonotic disease is caused by nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria spp., and dogs are the preferential definitive hosts. In some European regions the incidence of Human and animal disease has been growing, especially those caused by Dirofilaria repens. In Portugal, the epidemiological status of this parasitic disease results from a variety of studies that have been done gradually. Despite those studies there are still some gaps in the information about the current situation of heartworm disease in animals and humans in our country. This study attempted to update the prevalence of dog´s heartworm disease in the central region of Portugal. An epidemiological survey has been conducted envolving 308 domestic dogs housed in municipal and private kennels. Analysis of blood samples, using parasitological and immunological tests, revealed a global prevalence of 15,3% for Dirofilaria immitis. Despite the growing number of European cases of heartworm caused by D. repens, this study, as those conducted previously, failed to detect so far this etiologic agent in Portugal. In this study, we also used a molecular approach, which allowed us to detect for the first time in Portugal in infected dogs with D. immitis, the endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis, an important bacteria in the pathology of certain filariae.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Parasitologia médica Dirofilaria immitis Canídeo doméstico Portugal Canídeo doméstico Região centro do país
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical
