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Partindo da definição de “estado de natureza” proposta por Thomas Hobbes, a presente dissertação pretende desmembrar conceitualmente a questão da natureza humana e o que esta tem de relevante para o esclarecimento das origens do Estado. Faz-se uso destes fatores para esclarecer qual o modelo contratual que mais coerentemente poderia ser aplicado em prol de regulamentar uma sociedade civil. Se, para Hobbes, o Estado surge por uma necessidade de harmonização e sobrevivência, põe-se em questão os parâmetros
contratuais sugeridos, visto que a solução hobbesiana – a centralização do poder – não parece garantir um panorama totalmente benéfico para os indivíduos. É imprescindível que se tome em consideração a natureza humana de um modo que não ameace os direitos do cidadão. Por fim, estabelece-se a possibilidade de empregar o sistema democrático como resposta aos dilemas inerentes do estado de natureza.
Starting from the definition of “state of nature” proposed by Thomas Hobbes, this dissertation intends to conceptually dismember the question of human nature and what it has of relevance for the clarification of the origins of the State. These factors are used to clarify which is the contractual model that could be more coherently applied in order to regulate a civil society. If for Hobbes the State arises from a need for harmonization and survival, the suggested contractual parameters are called into question, since the hobbesian solution – the centralization of power – does not seem to guarantee a beneficial scenario for individuals. It is imperative that human nature be taken into account in a way that does not threaten the rights of the citizen. Lastly, it is established the possibility of using the democratic system as a response to the inherent dilemmas of the state of nature.
Starting from the definition of “state of nature” proposed by Thomas Hobbes, this dissertation intends to conceptually dismember the question of human nature and what it has of relevance for the clarification of the origins of the State. These factors are used to clarify which is the contractual model that could be more coherently applied in order to regulate a civil society. If for Hobbes the State arises from a need for harmonization and survival, the suggested contractual parameters are called into question, since the hobbesian solution – the centralization of power – does not seem to guarantee a beneficial scenario for individuals. It is imperative that human nature be taken into account in a way that does not threaten the rights of the citizen. Lastly, it is established the possibility of using the democratic system as a response to the inherent dilemmas of the state of nature.
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Hobbes Estado de natureza Instinto Contratualismo Democracia State of nature Instinct Contractualism Democracy
