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AVALIAÇÃO ERGONÓMICA DO TRABALHO NO SETOR DE ENCHIMENTO DE UMA INDÚSTRIA DE GASES INDUSTRIAIS
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Um dos desafios mais prementes no âmbito da saúde ocupacional são as lesões
músculo-esqueléticas, sendo a sua relevância ampliada devido aos impactos que têm na
saúde dos trabalhadores. Este cenário emergente despertou uma consciência crescente tanto
nas empresas quanto nos trabalhadores sobre os potenciais impactos adversos que as lesões
músculo-esqueléticas podem ter.
No contexto atual, enfatiza-se a importância da Ergonomia para a redução do risco
subjacente ao desenvolvimento de lesões músculo-esqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho
(LMERT). Ao longo dos anos, diversos métodos foram desenvolvidos para analisar variados
tipos de tarefas, com base nas características do posto de trabalho e do trabalhador. Esses
métodos produzem resultados valiosos que permitem identificar fatores de risco e
quantificar o nível de risco enfrentado pelos trabalhadores. Este conhecimento é
fundamental para suportar a implementação de medidas de intervenção ergonómica
adequadas em contextos específicos.
O propósito primordial dessas medidas é a redução do risco de LMERT, se não a sua
eliminação completa, visando, assim, melhorar as condições de saúde e o conforto dos
trabalhadores no ambiente laboral.
Dada a relevância deste tema, foi realizado um estudo no setor do enchimento, nas
instalações de uma empresa de gases industriais. O principal objetivo, passou pela aplicação
de métodos ergonómicos de análise e avaliação do risco nas tarefas identificadas como
críticas no processo de atividades do setor.
As tarefas críticas foram identificadas através de inúmeras observações ao local de
trabalho juntamente com várias entrevistas informais e a elaboração de um questionário que
foi aplicado aos trabalhadores, de forma a obter o feedback necessário. Com efeito, com o
auxílio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, selecionaram-se os métodos ergonómicos a aplicar em
cada tarefa considerada crítica.
Analisando os resultados obtidos através destes métodos, efetuou-se uma análise
comparativa que permitiu obter o nível de risco a que os trabalhadores estavam sujeitos, do
qual se conclui que as posturas inadequadas são o fator de risco mais crítico e presente no
processo de atividades. Com efeito, puderam ser propostas medidas de melhoria de engenharia, de cariz organizacional e medidas adicionais. A implementação destas medidas
visa a redução do nível de risco associado às tarefas em análise, procurando garantir o bem-
estar e a saúde dos trabalhadores.
One of the most pressing challenges in the field of occupational health is musculoskeletal injuries, and their relevance is magnified due to the impacts they have on workers' health. This emerging scenario has sparked a growing awareness among both companies and workers of the potential adverse impacts that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can have. In the current context, the importance of Ergonomics in analysing and reducing the risk underlying the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is emphasised. Various methods have been developed to analyse different types of tasks, based on the characteristics of the workplace and the worker. These methods produce valuable results that make it possible to identify risk factors and quantify the level of risk faced by workers. This knowledge is essential to support the implementation of appropriate ergonomic intervention measures in specific contexts. The primary purpose of these measures is to reduce the risk of WMSD, if not eliminate it completely, thus aiming to improve the health conditions and comfort of workers in the labour environment. Given the relevance of this topic, a study was carried out in the filling sector, on the premises of an industrial gases company. The main objective was to apply ergonomic methods to analyse and assess risk in the tasks identified as critical in the process of the sector's activities. The critical tasks were identified through numerous observations of the workplace along with several informal interviews and the drafting of a questionnaire that was administered to the workers in order to obtain the necessary feedback. With the help of a literature search, the ergonomic methods to be applied to each critical task were selected. By analysing the results obtained through these methods, a comparative analysis was carried out which made it possible to obtain the level of risk to which the workers were subject, from which it can be concluded that inadequate postures are the most critical risk factor present in the activity process. As a result, engineering improvement measures, organisational measures and additional measures were proposed. The implementation of these measures aims to reduce the level of risk associated with the tasks being analysed, in an attempt to guarantee the well-being and health of the workers.
One of the most pressing challenges in the field of occupational health is musculoskeletal injuries, and their relevance is magnified due to the impacts they have on workers' health. This emerging scenario has sparked a growing awareness among both companies and workers of the potential adverse impacts that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can have. In the current context, the importance of Ergonomics in analysing and reducing the risk underlying the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is emphasised. Various methods have been developed to analyse different types of tasks, based on the characteristics of the workplace and the worker. These methods produce valuable results that make it possible to identify risk factors and quantify the level of risk faced by workers. This knowledge is essential to support the implementation of appropriate ergonomic intervention measures in specific contexts. The primary purpose of these measures is to reduce the risk of WMSD, if not eliminate it completely, thus aiming to improve the health conditions and comfort of workers in the labour environment. Given the relevance of this topic, a study was carried out in the filling sector, on the premises of an industrial gases company. The main objective was to apply ergonomic methods to analyse and assess risk in the tasks identified as critical in the process of the sector's activities. The critical tasks were identified through numerous observations of the workplace along with several informal interviews and the drafting of a questionnaire that was administered to the workers in order to obtain the necessary feedback. With the help of a literature search, the ergonomic methods to be applied to each critical task were selected. By analysing the results obtained through these methods, a comparative analysis was carried out which made it possible to obtain the level of risk to which the workers were subject, from which it can be concluded that inadequate postures are the most critical risk factor present in the activity process. As a result, engineering improvement measures, organisational measures and additional measures were proposed. The implementation of these measures aims to reduce the level of risk associated with the tasks being analysed, in an attempt to guarantee the well-being and health of the workers.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ergonomia Lesões músculo-esqueléticas Avaliação do Risco Movimentação de garrafas RULA REBA