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When the 12th man is gone: how fans affect the performance of different player groups
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Resumo(s)
Using the unique circumstances provided by the COVID-19 pandemic, I investigate the effects
of fan absence in stadiums on the performance of different football player groups in England.
During the 2019/20 season, most non-British Isles player groups perform worse without fans.
In the following two seasons, I find evidence of a reduced home advantage in ghost games and
proof that English players perform significantly better without fans, especially in away games.
Regarding the latter, further investigation suggests that, specifically players that are not former
academy players of their team perform better without fans than those who played for their
current team at the youth level.
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Palavras-chave
Fixed effects COVID-19 Football Performance