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A velhice, esse grande ocaso: Meditações Poéticas de Paulino Cabral, Abade de Jazente
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Esta dissertação propõe-se apresentar um olhar sobre o inextrincável tópico da velhice e do envelhecimento na obra poética de Paulino António Cabral, Abade de Jazente (1719-1789). Poeta amarantino, figura bem conhecida nas sociabilidades literárias portuenses do século XVIII, os seus deveres eclesiásticos levaram-no para perto da sua terra natal, passando trinta anos a pastorear a paróquia de Jazente, uma localidade rural situada nas faldas do Marão. O tomo I da sua obra Poesias, editado por Bernardo António Farropo, foi um sucesso de vendas (dois mil exemplares em menos de seis meses), contudo a nota moralizadora de alguns críticos e a monotonia de alguns temas afastaram a obra e o autor de lugares de destaque na história da Literatura Portuguesa de Setecentos. O tomo II chegou a ser proibido por Alvará Régio (1789). Em todo o caso, o tema da senescência foi aflorado por alguns críticos, muito embora não o tenham valorizado devidamente como assunto poético de Paulino Cabral. Apenas Miguel Tamen o interpretou de uma forma arrojada, nos anos oitenta do século XX. Escrutinar a figuração do tema do envelhecimento por um poeta que escreveu numa época tão diversa e rica quanto o século XVIII permitiu-nos descobrir que o ecletismo do Abade foi a sua maior riqueza. O primeiro passo desta investigação consistiu na organização de uma “Antologia da Velhice”, que contou com 60 composições, o corpus do nosso trabalho. Seguidamente, a dissertação foi dividida em quarto partes. Na primeira, são discutidas questões preambulares da obra, sua edição e fortuna editorial. A segunda procede à revisão dos estudos sobre a velhice em Paulino Cabral, terminando com a nossa proposta analítica e interpretativa de Poesias, sob o prisma do tópico supramencionado. As composições poéticas que constituem a nossa “Antologia da Velhice” serão examinadas na terceira e quarta partes. A primeira destas cinge-se às composições poéticas da “Controvérsia… a respeito da idade” (Tomo II de Poesias), onde Paulino Cabral e Teodoro de Sá Coutinho, ao longo de noventa e uma páginas, dirimem duas visões distintas e opostas sobre a senectude. Na quarta, fica evidente a representação disfórica da ancianidade na poesia do Abade, sendo o conceito de velhice decomposto em níveis de análise e estudo mais pormenorizados, como a relação do Tempo e do Corpo; aspectos conexos à melancolia, à memória e à solidão; a velhice e o amor; e a degenerescência alusiva ao eu e ao seu entorno. Ao acrescentar conhecimento ao acervo crítico de Paulino Cabral, esta investigação quer, em última instância, testemunhar a importância e o interesse deste poeta esquecido e, consequentemente, reequacionar o seu espaço nas letras portuguesas do século XVIII.
This thesis aims to present a point of view on the inextricable topic of old age and aging throughout the poetic work of Paulino António Cabral, Abbot of Jazente (1719-1789). A poet born in Amarante, a well-known figure in the 18th century Oporto’s literary sociabilities, his ecclesiastical duties placed him near his homeland, where he spent thirty years preaching in the parish of Jazente, a rural town located on the slopes of Marão. The Book I of his work Poesias, edited by Bernardo António Farropo, was a sales success (two thousand copies in less than six months), however the moralizing undertones of some critics and the monotony of some themes distanced the work and the author from prominent places in the history of the seventeenth century Portuguese Literature. The Book II was even banned by royal charter (1789). In any case, the theme of senescence was touched upon by some critics, although they did not value it properly as a poetic subject in Paulino Cabral’s work. Only Miguel Tamen interpreted it in a bold way, in the 1980s. By examining the figuration of the theme of aging throughout the work of this poet, who wrote in a time as diverse and rich as the 18th century, enabled us to discover that the Abbot’s eclecticism was his greatest wealth. The first step of this investigation consisted in organizing an “Old Age Anthology”, comprised of 60 essays, the corpus of our work. Then, the dissertation was divided into four parts. In the first part, we address preambular issues of the work, its edition and editorial fate. In the second part, we review the studies on old age in Paulino Cabral’s work, finishing with our analytical and interpretative proposal about Poesias, in the light of the topic mentioned above. The poetical compositions that comprise our “Old Age Anthology” will be examined in the third and fourth parts. The first of these is limited to the poetical compositions of the “Controversy… regarding age” (Book II, of Poesias), where Paulino Cabral and Teodoro de Sá Coutinho present two distinct and opposing views on senescence, over ninety-one pages. The dysphoric representation of old age in the Abbot’s poetry is clear in the fourth part: the concept of old age being broken down into more detailed levels of analysis and study, such as the relationship of Time and Body; aspects related to melancholy, memory, and loneliness; old age and love and the degeneration allusive to the self and its surroundings. By adding knowledge to Paulino Cabral’s collection of critical essays, this research ultimately aims to testify to the importance and interest of this forgotten poet and consequently to reassess his place in the 18th century Portuguese Literature.
This thesis aims to present a point of view on the inextricable topic of old age and aging throughout the poetic work of Paulino António Cabral, Abbot of Jazente (1719-1789). A poet born in Amarante, a well-known figure in the 18th century Oporto’s literary sociabilities, his ecclesiastical duties placed him near his homeland, where he spent thirty years preaching in the parish of Jazente, a rural town located on the slopes of Marão. The Book I of his work Poesias, edited by Bernardo António Farropo, was a sales success (two thousand copies in less than six months), however the moralizing undertones of some critics and the monotony of some themes distanced the work and the author from prominent places in the history of the seventeenth century Portuguese Literature. The Book II was even banned by royal charter (1789). In any case, the theme of senescence was touched upon by some critics, although they did not value it properly as a poetic subject in Paulino Cabral’s work. Only Miguel Tamen interpreted it in a bold way, in the 1980s. By examining the figuration of the theme of aging throughout the work of this poet, who wrote in a time as diverse and rich as the 18th century, enabled us to discover that the Abbot’s eclecticism was his greatest wealth. The first step of this investigation consisted in organizing an “Old Age Anthology”, comprised of 60 essays, the corpus of our work. Then, the dissertation was divided into four parts. In the first part, we address preambular issues of the work, its edition and editorial fate. In the second part, we review the studies on old age in Paulino Cabral’s work, finishing with our analytical and interpretative proposal about Poesias, in the light of the topic mentioned above. The poetical compositions that comprise our “Old Age Anthology” will be examined in the third and fourth parts. The first of these is limited to the poetical compositions of the “Controversy… regarding age” (Book II, of Poesias), where Paulino Cabral and Teodoro de Sá Coutinho present two distinct and opposing views on senescence, over ninety-one pages. The dysphoric representation of old age in the Abbot’s poetry is clear in the fourth part: the concept of old age being broken down into more detailed levels of analysis and study, such as the relationship of Time and Body; aspects related to melancholy, memory, and loneliness; old age and love and the degeneration allusive to the self and its surroundings. By adding knowledge to Paulino Cabral’s collection of critical essays, this research ultimately aims to testify to the importance and interest of this forgotten poet and consequently to reassess his place in the 18th century Portuguese Literature.
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Abade de Jazente Paulino António Cabral Poesia Século XVIII Velhice Envelhecimento Teodoro de Sá Coutinho 18th century Old age Ageing