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Soberania e integração europeia: Uma análise qualitativa aos discursos sobre o Estado da União entre 2010 e 2022
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Os Estados consolidam a sua identidade e autonomia através de um conceito político chave: a soberania. Quando falamos de soberania falamos da vitalidade da ordem política interna de um Estado, mas também da legitimidade das suas relações internacionais. No entanto, o processo de transferência de competências dos Estados que está na base da construção de organizações supranacionais - como a União Europeia - distorceu a histórica indivisibilidade da soberania. Na Europa, passou a ser muito difícil falar de uma soberania de Estado intocável. Acumularam-se questões em torno do verdadeiro detentor da soberania. Sobretudo, diferentes respostas a estas questões envolvem diferentes entendimentos do conceito de soberania. De um modo geral, existe um entendimento moderno e um entendimento progressista de soberania. O nosso estudo procura apenas trabalhar sobre esta dinâmica e oferecer um pequeníssimo contributo para a sua elucidação. Estudamos a presença da soberania na União Europeia durante um período de doze anos, de 2010 a 2022. Analisamos o impacto fulcral das crises europeias da década de 2010 no tema da soberania, mas também lançamos um olhar à instrumentalização da soberania feita pela Comissão Europeia. É justo dizer que, na União Europeia, existe uma preocupação de primeira ordem com os desafios centrais do nosso século. Propomos que, de maneira a adereçá-los, a União Europeia procurou renovar o conceito de soberania, colocando-o ao seu serviço. Surgiu, da sua intenção, a cada vez mais presente, European sovereignty.
States consolidate their identity and autonomy through a key political concept: sovereignty. To speak ofsovereignty is to speak about the vitality of the internal political order of a State, but also about the legitimacy of its international relations. However, the transferring of competences inherent to the construction of supranational organizations - like the European Union - has distorted the historic indivisibility of sovereingty. In Europe, it has become very difficult to speak of an untouchable State sovereignty. Therefore, questions have accumulated over the true holder of sovereignty. There are a several different answers involving different understandings of the concept of sovereignty. Broadly speaking, there is a classic and a progressive undestanding of sovereignty. Our study seeks to work on this dynamic and offer a very small contribution to this discussion. We study the presence of sovereignty in the European Union over a period of twelve years, from 2010 to 2022. We analyse the key impact of the late European crises of the 2010s on the theme of sovereignty, but we also look at the instrumentalization of sovereignty by the European Commission. There is a very important concern in the European Union about the central challenges of our century and we propose that the European Union has sought to renew the concept of sovereignty, putting it at its service, in order to tackle them. We refer to the, increasingly present, European sovereignty.
States consolidate their identity and autonomy through a key political concept: sovereignty. To speak ofsovereignty is to speak about the vitality of the internal political order of a State, but also about the legitimacy of its international relations. However, the transferring of competences inherent to the construction of supranational organizations - like the European Union - has distorted the historic indivisibility of sovereingty. In Europe, it has become very difficult to speak of an untouchable State sovereignty. Therefore, questions have accumulated over the true holder of sovereignty. There are a several different answers involving different understandings of the concept of sovereignty. Broadly speaking, there is a classic and a progressive undestanding of sovereignty. Our study seeks to work on this dynamic and offer a very small contribution to this discussion. We study the presence of sovereignty in the European Union over a period of twelve years, from 2010 to 2022. We analyse the key impact of the late European crises of the 2010s on the theme of sovereignty, but we also look at the instrumentalization of sovereignty by the European Commission. There is a very important concern in the European Union about the central challenges of our century and we propose that the European Union has sought to renew the concept of sovereignty, putting it at its service, in order to tackle them. We refer to the, increasingly present, European sovereignty.
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Palavras-chave
Soberania União Europeia European sovereignty Integração europeia Sovereignty European Union European integration