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Simulação e Otimização do Processo de Remoção de MMAA
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O trabalho realizado nesta dissertação foi desenvolvido no âmbito de um estágio curricular de seis meses realizado na SGL Composities, S.A..
Devido ao elevado custo dos solventes utilizados ao nível da indústria de fibras sintéticas, a sua recuperação revela ser uma parte fundamental e integrante do processo de fabrico. Desta forma, a presente dissertação tem por objetivo simular e otimizar o processo de remoção do solvente monometilacetamida, bem como o estudo económico das perdas associadas ao composto N,N-dimetilacetamida, por forma a poder reutilizá-lo no processo de produção de fibra acrílica.
Primeiramente, com recurso à técnica de cromatografia gasosa para a obtenção dos dados, determinaram-se as curvas de equilíbrio líquido/vapor dos sistemas DMAC + H2O, DMAC + MMAA e DMAC + MMAA + AC. Desta forma, provou-se, através dos ensaios, a não existência de um ponto azeotrópico na mistura multicomponente que é alimentada ao processo.
A simulação foi realizada com recurso ao simulador Aspen Plus 11.1, na qual foram inicialmente utilizadas as condições de operação da unidade fabril, tendo sido seguidamente, validada com os dados do processo de produção.
Posteriormente, otimizando as condições na simulação por forma a atingir a separação pretendida, foi possível chegar a uma redução de perdas associadas ao composto N,N-dimetilacetamida de cerca de 20%, que equivalem a uma poupança de cerca de 10 000€ por ano.
Neste sentido, com vista a obter os resultados supramencionados, foi ainda realizado, um dimensionamento para uma coluna de destilação com enchimento, similar à implementada atualmente na unidade fabril. A simulação desta coluna caracteriza-se por 10 pratos teóricos, alimentação no prato 9 e razão de refluxo de 4. Desta forma, se a coluna operar com estas características, é possível atingir a poupança referida.
The work carried out in this dissertation was developed within the scope of a six-month curricular internship held at SGL Composites, S.A.. Due to the high cost of solvents used in the synthetic fiber industry, their recovery proves to be a fundamental and integral part of the manufacturing process. In this way, the present dissertation aims to simulate and optimize the process of removing the monomethylacetamide solvent, as well as the economic study of the losses associated with the compound N,N-dimethylacetamide, in order to be able to reuse it in the acrylic fiber production process. First, using the gas chromatography technique to obtain the data, the liquid/vapor equilibrium curves of the DMAC + H2O, DMAC + MMAA and DMAC + MMAA + AC systems were determined. In this way, it was proved, through the laboratory tests, the non-existence of an azeotropic point in the multicomponent mixture that is fed to the process. The simulation was performed using the Aspen Plus 11.1 simulator, in which the operating conditions of the manufacturing unit were initially used, and then validated with the production process data. Subsequently, optimizing the conditions in the simulation in order to achieve the desired separation, made it possible to reach a reduction of losses associated with the compound N,N-dimethylacetamide of about 20%, which is equivalent to a saving of about €10,000 per year. In this sense, in order to obtain the aforementioned results, a dimensioning for a packed distillation column was carried out, similar to the one currently implemented in the factory. The simulation of this column is characterized by 10 theoretical plates, feeding in plate 9 and reflux ratio of 4. In this way, if the column operates with these characteristics, it is possible to achieve the mentioned savings.
The work carried out in this dissertation was developed within the scope of a six-month curricular internship held at SGL Composites, S.A.. Due to the high cost of solvents used in the synthetic fiber industry, their recovery proves to be a fundamental and integral part of the manufacturing process. In this way, the present dissertation aims to simulate and optimize the process of removing the monomethylacetamide solvent, as well as the economic study of the losses associated with the compound N,N-dimethylacetamide, in order to be able to reuse it in the acrylic fiber production process. First, using the gas chromatography technique to obtain the data, the liquid/vapor equilibrium curves of the DMAC + H2O, DMAC + MMAA and DMAC + MMAA + AC systems were determined. In this way, it was proved, through the laboratory tests, the non-existence of an azeotropic point in the multicomponent mixture that is fed to the process. The simulation was performed using the Aspen Plus 11.1 simulator, in which the operating conditions of the manufacturing unit were initially used, and then validated with the production process data. Subsequently, optimizing the conditions in the simulation in order to achieve the desired separation, made it possible to reach a reduction of losses associated with the compound N,N-dimethylacetamide of about 20%, which is equivalent to a saving of about €10,000 per year. In this sense, in order to obtain the aforementioned results, a dimensioning for a packed distillation column was carried out, similar to the one currently implemented in the factory. The simulation of this column is characterized by 10 theoretical plates, feeding in plate 9 and reflux ratio of 4. In this way, if the column operates with these characteristics, it is possible to achieve the mentioned savings.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
remoção do solvente estudo económico das perdas N,N-dimetilacetamida simulador Aspen Plus 11.1 coluna de destilação