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Aspects of Passives in Capeverdean (Santiago’s variety)
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Resumo(s)
The present dissertation intends to study passives in Capeverdean. I argue that
Capeverdean have eventive passives with specific morphology, postverbal morphemes,
-du and -da, which affix to the verb to form passives and interact with the TMA
morphemes available in the language in the same way as in the active voice. I also show
that Capeverdean only allows short passives. However, this study demonstrates that the
by-phrase, although not expressed phonologically, is implicit and can be tracked
through instrumentals and Agent-oriented adverbs. In order to account for this specific
property of Capeverdean passives, I assume the existence of a Voice head which
introduces the external argument in all finite sentences in Capeverdean, except in
unaccusatives, following proposals from Marantz (1984), Kratzer (1996), Sailor & Ahn
(2010), Pratas (2014). I also assume that this Voice head is subject to a Doubly Filled
Comp Filter, similar to what is proposed in Koopman (1997), which determines that
either heads or specifiers can be overt, never both. In the case of passives, I propose that
external argument is in Spec,Voice and the passive morphology is lexicalized in Voice0
and that while Spec,Voice is silent, Voice0 is not. This configuration can be explained if
it is assumed, following Costa & Martins (2004), that in Capeverdean passives Voice0 is
a strong functional head, thus requiring visibility at PF. This restriction, combined with
the Doubly Filled Comp filter, imposes that Spec,Voice is silent.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Capeverdean Eventive passives Syntax By-phrase Caboverdiano Passivas eventivas Sintaxe