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A Porcelana Chinesa em Almada. Séculos XVI a XVIII
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Almada durante Idade Moderna seria apenas uma pequena vila estruturada do ponto de vista urbano, sobretudo através da Rua Direita e da cerca medieval, que protegia a zona alta da cidade. O pouco que se sabe sobre a sua população revela que a maioria teria poucas posses, dedicando-se principalmente à agricultura. Os habitantes com maiores posses seriam os donos das quintas que existiam em torno do centro urbano. No entanto, esta questão da capacidade económica dos habitantes da vila poderá vir a ser questionada com base nas evidências arqueológicas encontradas em diversas intervenções da atual cidade, nomeadamente na Rua da Judiaria, na Rua da Cerca/Serpa Pinto, na Rua Visconde Almeida Garrett, no Largo 1° de Maio, na Rua Trigueiros Martel, Rua Heliodoro Salgado, Rua do Registo Civil, Rua Latino Coelho, Paços do Concelho e Rua Henriques Nogueira. No conjunto destes dez sítios arqueológicos surgiram centenas de fragmentos de objetos em porcelana que podem ser cronologicamente enquadrados entre os inícios do século XVI e os finais do século XVIII, o que permitirá uma visão abrangente do consumo de porcelana durante cerca de três séculos. Esta tese tem como objetivo o estudo destes objetos, enquadrando-os na investigação já realizada sobre porcelana chinesa em contextos arqueológicos portugueses. Houve o objetivo de, não só compreender as decorações destes objetos e como estas foram mudando ao longo dos séculos, mas também, de que maneira os contactos comerciais entre Portugal e a China influenciaram as produções da porcelana chinesa e qual teria sido o seu lugar na casa dos almadenses.
Almada during the Middle Ages would be a small village. Its centre would be structured by the main street and a medieval wall that would serve as protection to the highest point of the town. The population in its majority would survive only on agriculture. The wealthiest people owned farms located on the outskirts of the village. Even with this information, recent archaeological finds in Rua da Judiaria, Rua da Cerca/Serpa Pinto, Rua Visconde Almeida Garrett, no Largo 1° de Maio, Rua Trigueiros Martel, Rua Heliodoro Salgado, Rua do Registo Civil, Rua Latino Coelho, Paços do Concelho and Rua Henriques Nogueira can makes us question the real economic power of the population of Almada. Hundreds of Chinese porcelain fragments were found in these ten archaeological sites, possible to date from the early 16th century until the end of the 18th century, which will allow us to interpret the consumption of this product for three centuries. This dissertation aims to study these objects comparing them with the already existing investigation of Chinese porcelain found in other Portuguese archaeological sites. The goal was not only to understand the decorations of these objects, and how those decorations changed throughout the centuries but also, in which way the contact between Portugal and China influenced the production of porcelain and what was its place in the homes of Almada’s population.
Almada during the Middle Ages would be a small village. Its centre would be structured by the main street and a medieval wall that would serve as protection to the highest point of the town. The population in its majority would survive only on agriculture. The wealthiest people owned farms located on the outskirts of the village. Even with this information, recent archaeological finds in Rua da Judiaria, Rua da Cerca/Serpa Pinto, Rua Visconde Almeida Garrett, no Largo 1° de Maio, Rua Trigueiros Martel, Rua Heliodoro Salgado, Rua do Registo Civil, Rua Latino Coelho, Paços do Concelho and Rua Henriques Nogueira can makes us question the real economic power of the population of Almada. Hundreds of Chinese porcelain fragments were found in these ten archaeological sites, possible to date from the early 16th century until the end of the 18th century, which will allow us to interpret the consumption of this product for three centuries. This dissertation aims to study these objects comparing them with the already existing investigation of Chinese porcelain found in other Portuguese archaeological sites. The goal was not only to understand the decorations of these objects, and how those decorations changed throughout the centuries but also, in which way the contact between Portugal and China influenced the production of porcelain and what was its place in the homes of Almada’s population.
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Palavras-chave
Almada Porcelana chinesa Arqueologia Urbana Idade Moderna Cerâmica