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The robot in the operating room
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A tecnologia é atualmente uma parte fundamental das nossas vidas quotidianas a vários níveis
diferentes. A evolução e o progresso da tecnologia, especificamente no setor da saúde, oferece
vantagens significativas, uma vez que permite a utilização de sistemas de inteligência artificial
(IA) em diagnósticos e em tratamentos mais precisos. No entanto, a implementação de tal
tecnologia no contexto cirúrgico apresenta certos obstáculos jurídicos que devem ser mitigados
com o objetivo de melhorar a saúde e, em última instância, a vida das pessoas.
Esta tese tem como principal objetivo analisar e perceber as implicações jurídicas que advêm
da utilização de IA no setor da saúde, em particular o caso da cirurgia robótica. Para isso, é
crucial explorar o conceito de IA, o seu enquadramento histórico de uma perspetiva geral, bem
como especificamente nos setores da saúde e da medicina, avaliando também os seus benefícios
e desvantagens. Além disso, é essencial compreender a extensão dos desafios jurídicos que
podem advir da utilização de cirurgiões robôs. Tal inclui questões ao nível da responsabilidade,
privacidade de dados, direitos fundamentais e problemas éticos.
Adicionalmente, é fundamental encontrar soluções adequadas para mitigar os desafios legais
que surgem devido à utilização de sistemas de IA na saúde. Para além disso, o setor jurídico
terá de se adaptar a esta realidade iminente, o que demonstra a necessidade de regulamentos e
instrumentos jurídicos adequados e atualizados para melhor proteger as pessoas e promover o
desenvolvimento geral da sociedade.
Technology is currently a key part of our everyday lives on several different levels. The evolution and progress of technology, specifically in the healthcare field, yields significant advantages as it enables the employment of artificial intelligence (AI) systems for more accurate diagnosis and treatments. Nonetheless, the implementation of such technology in the surgical context poses certain legal obstacles which should be addressed and mitigated with the goal of improving healthcare and ultimately, peoples’ lives. This thesis aims to analyse and understand the legal challenges that originate from the use of AI in the healthcare sector, namely the particular case of robotic surgery. In order to do that, it is paramount to explore the concept of AI, its historical framework from a general point of view, as well as particularly to the healthcare and medical fields, while also assessing its advantages and drawbacks. In addition, it is fundamental to understand the extent of the legal challenges which may arise from using robot surgeons. These encompass issues of liability, data privacy, fundamental rights and ethical concerns. Furthermore, it is essential to find suitable solutions to mitigate the legal implications which originate from using AI based systems in the healthcare sector. Moreover, the legal sector will need to be able to adapt to this upcoming reality, hence the necessity for appropriate and up-todate regulations and legal instruments in order to better protect individuals and promote society’s overall development.
Technology is currently a key part of our everyday lives on several different levels. The evolution and progress of technology, specifically in the healthcare field, yields significant advantages as it enables the employment of artificial intelligence (AI) systems for more accurate diagnosis and treatments. Nonetheless, the implementation of such technology in the surgical context poses certain legal obstacles which should be addressed and mitigated with the goal of improving healthcare and ultimately, peoples’ lives. This thesis aims to analyse and understand the legal challenges that originate from the use of AI in the healthcare sector, namely the particular case of robotic surgery. In order to do that, it is paramount to explore the concept of AI, its historical framework from a general point of view, as well as particularly to the healthcare and medical fields, while also assessing its advantages and drawbacks. In addition, it is fundamental to understand the extent of the legal challenges which may arise from using robot surgeons. These encompass issues of liability, data privacy, fundamental rights and ethical concerns. Furthermore, it is essential to find suitable solutions to mitigate the legal implications which originate from using AI based systems in the healthcare sector. Moreover, the legal sector will need to be able to adapt to this upcoming reality, hence the necessity for appropriate and up-todate regulations and legal instruments in order to better protect individuals and promote society’s overall development.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Artificial Intelligence Healthcare Medicine Robotic surgery Inteligência artificial Saúde Medicina Cirurgia robótica