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Impacto energético de um incêndio numa rede de sensores IoT
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Na atualidade, e cada vez mais no futuro, a humanidade confronta-se com desastres.
O impacto na sociedade origina, para além da eventual perda de vidas humanas, prejuízos
incalculáveis. No entanto, com a imparável marcha da evolução tecnológica, é possível
conceber os sistemas ciber-físicos cada vez mais capazes de responder a qualquer tipo de
desastre no sentido de previsão, preparação, e resposta durante o evento, tornando assim
um determinado edifício ou zona mais segura. Para tal é essencial existir uma estrutura
de Gestão de Risco de Desastre bem concebida.
O foco do trabalho consiste na simulação de dois cenários distintos num edifício: um
estado normal e um cenário de incêndio. Em ambos, os sensores são iguais e os cenários
partilham a mesma topologia, sendo, no entanto, alterados o valor da temperatura e a sua
frequência de leitura. Esta dissertação contribui para a comunidade de investigação com
uma pesquisa profunda em torno do impacto de um desastre e os planos de evacuação,
particularmente para a iniciativa safe escape através de uma estrutura proposta, assim
como a introdução ao simulador cooja, onde é realizada a análise de uma rede de sensores
IoT e simulados os cenários. Inicialmente constatou-se que o protocolo indicado é o RPL,
entre outras características base da rede de sensores, como distribuição dos sensores
pelo edifício de um modo estratégico. Após a comparação dos resultados de simulação,
conclui-se o forte impacto energético que um incêndio pode ter numa rede de sensores
para efeitos de comunicação.
A par de toda a comunidade de investigação, o objetivo comum passa por tornar os
edifícios locais mais seguros para as pessoas através da melhoria dos sistemas ciber-físicos.
Assim, a grande demanda é sem dúvida, conceber melhores sistemas ciber-físicos, para
que estes nos ofereçam segurança.
Nowadays, and increasingly in the future, humanity is facing disasters and calamities with severe impacts on society that cause in addition to the possible loss of human lives, incalculable damage. However, with the unstoppable advances of technological evolu- tion, it is possible to conceive cyber-physical systems which are increasingly capable of responding to any type of disaster, and with an ability to respond with greater efficiency, in the direction of forecasting, preparation, and response during the event, thus making any building or zone safer. For this it is essential to have a well-structured disaster frame- work. The focus of the work consists in simulating two different scenarios in a building: a nor- mal state and a fire scenario. In both, the sensors are the same and the scenarios share the same topology, but the temperature value and its reading frequency are changed. This dissertation contributes to the research community with in-depth research around the impact of a disaster and evacuation plans, particularly for the safe escape initiative through a proposed framework, as well as the introduction to the cooja simulator, where the analysis of a IoT sensor network is performed and the scenarios are simulated. Ini- tially it was found that the protocol indicated is RPL, among other base characteristics of the sensor network, such as distribution of the sensors throughout the building in a strategic way. After comparing the simulation results, it is concluded the strong energy impact that a fire can have on a sensor network for communication purposes. Along with the entire research community, the common goal is to make local buildings safer for people by improving cyber-physical systems. Therefore, the great demand is to design better cyber-physical systems to guarantee our safety.
Nowadays, and increasingly in the future, humanity is facing disasters and calamities with severe impacts on society that cause in addition to the possible loss of human lives, incalculable damage. However, with the unstoppable advances of technological evolu- tion, it is possible to conceive cyber-physical systems which are increasingly capable of responding to any type of disaster, and with an ability to respond with greater efficiency, in the direction of forecasting, preparation, and response during the event, thus making any building or zone safer. For this it is essential to have a well-structured disaster frame- work. The focus of the work consists in simulating two different scenarios in a building: a nor- mal state and a fire scenario. In both, the sensors are the same and the scenarios share the same topology, but the temperature value and its reading frequency are changed. This dissertation contributes to the research community with in-depth research around the impact of a disaster and evacuation plans, particularly for the safe escape initiative through a proposed framework, as well as the introduction to the cooja simulator, where the analysis of a IoT sensor network is performed and the scenarios are simulated. Ini- tially it was found that the protocol indicated is RPL, among other base characteristics of the sensor network, such as distribution of the sensors throughout the building in a strategic way. After comparing the simulation results, it is concluded the strong energy impact that a fire can have on a sensor network for communication purposes. Along with the entire research community, the common goal is to make local buildings safer for people by improving cyber-physical systems. Therefore, the great demand is to design better cyber-physical systems to guarantee our safety.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sistemas ciber-físicos Segurança Simulação IoT