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Sexual oientation and gender identity in international law
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O trabalho seguinte consiste num relatório do estágio curricular realizado com a
Embaixada e Missão de Portugal junto das Nações Unidas (ONU) e outras Organizações
Internacionais em Viena. O relatório é seguido de uma investigação académica
subordinada a um tópico que surgiu no contexto do estágio: o enquadramento das
questões de orientação sexual e de identidade de género no Direito Internacional.
Individuos que se identificam fora das normas estabelecidas para estas categorias são alvo
de graves violações de direitos humanos. Contudo, o direito interacional dos direitos
humanos e o direito criminal interacional parecem ficar aquém na provisão de
enquadramentos legais adequados à salvaguarda desses direitos humanos e de
responsabilização das violações cometidas. Nesta investigação, aferimos o potencial da
ONU e do Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI), enquanto instituições-guia na proteção de
direitos humanos internacionalmente, através de uma análise das abordagens que têm
feito ao assunto ao longo dos anos, e de quais as mais-valias, lacunas e potencial dessa
postura. A conjuntura observada durante o estágio permite retirar conclusões acerca da
ligação entre a perspetiva de direitos humanos e direito criminal internacional, e as
dinâmicas da esfera diplomática envolvidas.
The following work consists of a report of the curricular internship taken with the Portuguese Embassy and Mission with the United Nations (UN) and other International Organizations in Vienna. This report is followed by an academic investigation under a topic framed within the context of the internship: the framework of sexual orientation and gender identity matters in international law. Individuals identifying outside the established norms for these categories are targets of severe human rights violations. Nonetheless, international human rights law and international criminal law seem to fall short in providing adequate legal frameworks for the safeguard of these human rights and for the accountability of the violations. In this investigation, we observe the potential of the UN and the International Criminal Court (ICC), as leading organizations on human rights protection internationally, through an analysis of the approaches these institutions have been making to the subject over the years, and where the strengths, shortcomings and potential of the observed situation lie. The conjuncture observed during the internships allows for the drawing of conclusions on the connection between the human rights and the criminal perspectives of international law, and the involved dynamics of the diplomatic field.
The following work consists of a report of the curricular internship taken with the Portuguese Embassy and Mission with the United Nations (UN) and other International Organizations in Vienna. This report is followed by an academic investigation under a topic framed within the context of the internship: the framework of sexual orientation and gender identity matters in international law. Individuals identifying outside the established norms for these categories are targets of severe human rights violations. Nonetheless, international human rights law and international criminal law seem to fall short in providing adequate legal frameworks for the safeguard of these human rights and for the accountability of the violations. In this investigation, we observe the potential of the UN and the International Criminal Court (ICC), as leading organizations on human rights protection internationally, through an analysis of the approaches these institutions have been making to the subject over the years, and where the strengths, shortcomings and potential of the observed situation lie. The conjuncture observed during the internships allows for the drawing of conclusions on the connection between the human rights and the criminal perspectives of international law, and the involved dynamics of the diplomatic field.
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Diplomatic representation United Nations International Criminal Court Sexual orientation Gender Identity Human rights Representação diplomática Organização das Nações Unidas Tribunal Penal Internacional Orientação sexual Identidade de género Direitos humanos