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The influence of anthocyanin treatment on the mesenteric adipose tissue expression of enampt in animal models of obesity
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ntroduction: Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme for
NAD biosynthesis. Its extracellular form (eNAMPT), mainly secreted by visceral fat, has been
shown to have bimodal, concentration- and structure-functional-dependent effects in important
metabolic pathways and has been connected to a wide variety of diseases. Data suggests that as
serum eNAMPT concentration rises to pathophysiological levels, as in obesity and type 2 diabetes
(T2D), eNAMPT adopts a monomeric form capable of proinflammatory NAD-independent effects.
Strategies to block the actions of the eNAMPT monomer could represent promising therapeutic
approaches for obesity-related metabolic disorders. Consumption of anthocyanin rich foods
appears to prevent or treat obesity-related consequences, such as T2D, inflammation and
oxidative stress, but the mechanism behind this is unknown. Moreover, anthocyanins have been
shown to inhibit the secretion of eNAMPT in animal models. With this study, we aim to
understand if treating a rat model of obesity with anthocyanins could abrogate the impact of a
high fat diet in the expression of monomeric eNAMPT.
Methods: Mesenteric adipose tissue (mAT) was obtained from four groups of male Wistar rats,
treated with different diets: (C) standard diet; (BE) standard diet + blackberry extract; (HFD) high fat diet; (HFDBE) high-fat diet + blackberry extract. eNAMPT monomer’s protein expression was
measured by Western Blotting, after protein extraction and quantification from mAT, to access
the differences between the animals fed a standard diet and those of increased metabolic risk –
HFD, with and without treatment with anthocyanins.
Results: The mAT from HFD rats displayed a higher expression of eNAMPT monomer, compared
to C rats (138,6% ± 11,4% HFBE vs 100% C, p=0,01). The anthocyanin’s treatment influence on mAT
eNAMPT monomer expression was also assessed. mAT eNAMPT monomer expression was
significantly decreased in the HFDBE group compared to HFD (-54,1 ± 15,3 % [-89.4, -18.8], p<0,01).
Conclusions: Anthocyanin consumption might be an interesting dietary approach to abrogate
the impact of a high fat diet on the rise of monomeric eNAMPT in mesenteric adipose tissue.
Ultimately, our results suggest that long-term anthocyanin treatment/supplementation might
be effective for sustaining lower levels of monomeric eNAMPT in the context of diet-induced
obesity, potentially preventing or delaying the consequent metabolic impairments such as the
alarming epidemic of T2D.
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Palavras-chave
Adipose tissue Anthocyanins eNAMPT Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Obesity Type 2 Diabetes