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As lajes fungiformes são uma solução estrutural amplamente utilizada nos edifícios atu-
ais. No entanto, o fenómeno do punçoamento é condicionante e, geralmente, rege o seu di-
mensionamento. A verificação da segurança ao punçoamento leva, normalmente, a um incre-
mento dos custos e do consumo de material. Estudos anteriormente realizados demonstram
que a utilização de um betão reforçado com fibras de aço (BRF) ou um betão de elevada
resistência (BER) na região perto do pilar, mesmo sendo a restante laje constituída por betão
normal, resulta numa melhoria significativa do comportamento, da laje, em relação ao punço-
amento.
Com o intuito de aprofundar este assunto, o presente trabalho apresenta uma investi-
gação experimental sobre o comportamento da ligação laje-pilar, em lajes fungiformes, com
utilização de um betão de elevado desempenho reforçado com fibras de aço (BEDRF).
Foram elaborados e ensaiados cinco modelos de laje fungiforme, com uma espessura
de 150 mm. As variáveis em estudo foram a percentagem geométrica de armadura longitudi-
nal e a largura da zona de BEDRF, nos respetivos modelos. Uma das lajes foi produzida apenas
por betão normal e serviu como referência.
Os resultados demonstram que a solução foi eficaz para as duas taxas de armadura lon-
gitudinal. A carga de fendilhação, carga máxima e a capacidade de deformação foram incre-
mentados significativamente, até para a laje com menor largura de BEDRF. Conclui-se que a
utilização de BEDRF na zona da ligação laje-pilar é eficiente e é boa uma boa solução em
relação ao estado limite de utilização, ao aumentar a resistência à tração do betão, contro-
lando a abertura de fissuras, e em relação ao estado limite último, ao incrementar a capacidade
de carga para lajes fungiformes sobre cargas gravíticas.
Flat slabs are a structural solution widely used in buildings today. However, the punching shear phenomenon is a conditioning factor and, generally, governs its dimensioning. The ver- ification of punching shear normally leads to an increase in costs and material consumption. Previous studies show that the use of steel fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) or high strength concrete (HSC) in the region close to the column, even though the remaining slab is made of normal concrete, results in a significant improvement in the behaviour of the slab. In order to study this subject, the present work presents an experimental investigation on the behaviour of slab-column connections, in flat slabs, using a high-performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC). Five models of flat slabs, with a thickness of 150 mm, were de- signed and tested. The variables under study were the geometric percentage of longitudinal reinforcement and the width of the HPFRC zone. One of the slabs was produced with normal concrete only and served as a reference. The results demonstrate that the solution was effective for both longitudinal reinforce- ment ratios. Cracking load, maximum load and deformation capacity were significantly in- creased, even for the slab that has the smallest HPFRC geometry. It is concluded that the use of HPFRC in the area of slab-column connection is efficient in relation to the serviceability limit state, by increasing the tensile strength of concrete, controlling the opening of cracks, and ultimate limit state, by increasing the load capacity for flat slabs under gravity loads.
Flat slabs are a structural solution widely used in buildings today. However, the punching shear phenomenon is a conditioning factor and, generally, governs its dimensioning. The ver- ification of punching shear normally leads to an increase in costs and material consumption. Previous studies show that the use of steel fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) or high strength concrete (HSC) in the region close to the column, even though the remaining slab is made of normal concrete, results in a significant improvement in the behaviour of the slab. In order to study this subject, the present work presents an experimental investigation on the behaviour of slab-column connections, in flat slabs, using a high-performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC). Five models of flat slabs, with a thickness of 150 mm, were de- signed and tested. The variables under study were the geometric percentage of longitudinal reinforcement and the width of the HPFRC zone. One of the slabs was produced with normal concrete only and served as a reference. The results demonstrate that the solution was effective for both longitudinal reinforce- ment ratios. Cracking load, maximum load and deformation capacity were significantly in- creased, even for the slab that has the smallest HPFRC geometry. It is concluded that the use of HPFRC in the area of slab-column connection is efficient in relation to the serviceability limit state, by increasing the tensile strength of concrete, controlling the opening of cracks, and ultimate limit state, by increasing the load capacity for flat slabs under gravity loads.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
BEDRF Betão de elevada resistência Betão reforçado com fibras Punçoamento Laje fungiforme BRF
