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Sistemas de Informação Geográfica e património cultural subaquático. O caso da zona costeira entre Alcácer do Sal e Sines
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Resumo(s)
A Arqueologia utiliza, como base do seu conhecimento, dados que são definidos com base em dois pilares: o espaço e o tempo. O primeiro reflete a origem dos dados que trabalha e o segundo tem em conta a história do mesmo. Qualquer que seja a proveniência do objeto em estudo, um naufrágio ou um artefacto encontrado em terra, necessita de ser considerado como uma componente da paisagem, sendo que, qualquer elemento arqueológico requer um contexto espacial. Os objetivos principais desta dissertação prendem-se à explicação dos temaschave de SIG com aplicação à arqueologia, a conceptualização da aquisição e tratamento de dados e, por fim, a conceptualização de uma base de dados para a produção de informação geográfica, pertinente e útil para a salvaguarda e proteção do património cultural subaquático. Esta dissertação pretende abordar os conceitos de PCS e SIG aplicado ao mesmo, bem como a conceptualização de uma base de dados que possa apoiar na gestão e proteção do PCS. Para tal efeito, foram analisadas várias referências bibliográficas e projetos de referência, tanto a nível nacional como mundial, extraindo destes ideias, para a aplicação na metodologia da dissertação. Foi também vantajoso para a conclusão da dissertação a opinião de especialista da área da Arqueologia para um maior entendimento da mesma. Com este estudo, pretende-se desenvolver uma abordagem simples, porém aprofundada, dos diversos componentes que constituem os SIG e a sua aplicação ao PCS: tipos de dados e aquisição dos mesmos, conceptualização de uma base de dados, análise espacial e mapeamento pertinente. O resultado esperado desta dissertação consiste na produção de um documento explicativo e metodológico, servindo de auxílio em trabalhos futuros na área.
Archaeology employs, as the basis of its knowledge, data which is defined based on two pillars: space and time. The first reflects the origin of the data it works with; the second pillar, however, considers its history. Whatever the provenance of the object under study, a shipwreck or an artifact found on land, it needs to be considered as a component of the landscape, given that any archaeological element requires a spatial context. The main objectives of this dissertation are related to the explanation of key GIS themes with application to archaeology, the conceptualization of data acquisition and processing, and finally, the conceptualization of a database for the production of geographic information, relevant and useful for the safeguarding and protection of underwater cultural heritage. This dissertation aims to address the concepts of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) and the subsequent Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applied, as well as the conceptualization of a database which can support the management and protection of UCH. For this purpose, several bibliographic references and reference projects were analysed, both nationally and worldwide, from which ideas for application in the dissertation methodology were extracted. The opinion of specialists in the field of Archaeology was also advantageous for the conclusion of the dissertation for a greater understanding of the latter. Throughout the development of this dissertation, it was intended to undertake a simple, yet thorough approach of the various components which constitute GIS and its application to the UCH: types of data and their acquisition, conceptualization of a database, spatial analysis, and relevant mapping. The expected result of this dissertation consists of the production of an explanatory and methodological document, helping in future work in the area.
Archaeology employs, as the basis of its knowledge, data which is defined based on two pillars: space and time. The first reflects the origin of the data it works with; the second pillar, however, considers its history. Whatever the provenance of the object under study, a shipwreck or an artifact found on land, it needs to be considered as a component of the landscape, given that any archaeological element requires a spatial context. The main objectives of this dissertation are related to the explanation of key GIS themes with application to archaeology, the conceptualization of data acquisition and processing, and finally, the conceptualization of a database for the production of geographic information, relevant and useful for the safeguarding and protection of underwater cultural heritage. This dissertation aims to address the concepts of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) and the subsequent Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applied, as well as the conceptualization of a database which can support the management and protection of UCH. For this purpose, several bibliographic references and reference projects were analysed, both nationally and worldwide, from which ideas for application in the dissertation methodology were extracted. The opinion of specialists in the field of Archaeology was also advantageous for the conclusion of the dissertation for a greater understanding of the latter. Throughout the development of this dissertation, it was intended to undertake a simple, yet thorough approach of the various components which constitute GIS and its application to the UCH: types of data and their acquisition, conceptualization of a database, spatial analysis, and relevant mapping. The expected result of this dissertation consists of the production of an explanatory and methodological document, helping in future work in the area.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sistemas de Informação Geográfica Património cultural Alcácer do Sal Sines Arqueologia Património Cultural Subaquático Metodologia Dados Arqueológicos Base de Dados Geographic Information Systems Archaeology Underwater Cultural Heritage Methodology Archaeological Data Database