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Desenvolvimento de um modelo numérico para a simulação de traqueias com implantes
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Na presente dissertação é apresentado um modelo de elementos finitos em LS-DYNA
de uma traqueia capaz de simular o movimento de deglutição e analisar o impacto da
utilização de implantes traqueobrônquicos nas tensões resultantes.
Em primeiro lugar foi criado um modelo de elementos finitos da traqueia, ao qual
posteriormente, foram assemblados modelos de implantes para a realização das simulações.
Para isso foram utilizados 3 implantes, dois com secção contínua, uma circular e
uma elíptica, e um modelo de implante de Dumon com pinos de fixação. Os implantes
foram colocados em duas posições, a 70 e 85 mm da extremidade inferior do modelo tridimensional
da traqueia, permitindo avaliar o efeito não só do tipo de implante utilizado,
como também da posição do mesmo.
Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o modelo de contacto utilizado era
inadequado para a simulação do movimento da traqueia com o implante, pelo que o
modelo de contacto a utilizar deverá ser reformulado. É sugerido ainda que o processo
de assemblagem do implante na traqueia seja alterado, diminuindo as dimensões do
implante, expandindo-o de seguida radialmente, de forma a obter contacto com os tecidos
da traqueia.
The following dissertation presents a finite element model in LS-DYNA of a trachea, capable of simulating the swallowing movement and analyzing the impact of the use of a tracheobronchial stent and the resulting stress. Firstly, a finite element model of the trachea was created and subsequently, several stent models were assembled and simulations ran. For this, three stents were used, two of them of continuous cross section, one circular and one elliptical, and a model of a Dumon stent with fixation pins. The stents were placed in two positions, at 70 and 85 mm from the lower extremity of the tridimensional model of the trachea, allowing the evaluation of the effects of not only each stent, but also the position in which it is placed. The results gathered allow us to conclude that the contact model used was inadequate to simulate tracheal movements with the stent in place, for which the contact model would need to be reformulated. It is also suggested that the assembly model of the stent should be altered, reducing the dimensions of the stent, expanding it radially, thus achieving contact with the tracheal tissues.
The following dissertation presents a finite element model in LS-DYNA of a trachea, capable of simulating the swallowing movement and analyzing the impact of the use of a tracheobronchial stent and the resulting stress. Firstly, a finite element model of the trachea was created and subsequently, several stent models were assembled and simulations ran. For this, three stents were used, two of them of continuous cross section, one circular and one elliptical, and a model of a Dumon stent with fixation pins. The stents were placed in two positions, at 70 and 85 mm from the lower extremity of the tridimensional model of the trachea, allowing the evaluation of the effects of not only each stent, but also the position in which it is placed. The results gathered allow us to conclude that the contact model used was inadequate to simulate tracheal movements with the stent in place, for which the contact model would need to be reformulated. It is also suggested that the assembly model of the stent should be altered, reducing the dimensions of the stent, expanding it radially, thus achieving contact with the tracheal tissues.
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Palavras-chave
Implantes traqueobrônquicos Simulação Numérica Deglutição LSDYNA