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As cirandas de Heitor Villa-Lobos: uma análise a paritr da teoria dos tópicos
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As Cirandas de Heitor Villa-Lobos, ainda que pequenas em sua extensão, configuram-se como uma grande referência no repertório pianístico do compositor brasileiro. Sua particularidade está na complexa e intrincada relação entre uma série de citações de melodias folclóricas infantis e o entorno criativo proposto por Villa-Lobos que, envolvendo tais melodias, reescreve-as. Assim, as relações entre melodia folclórica e sua envolvência constituem um processo contínuo de ressignificação. Esta dissertação pretende articular duas abordagens – análise estrutural e contextual – de maneira a propor uma leitura sincrônica das próprias Cirandas e dos cenários culturais, sociais e políticos que as constituem. Nesse sentido, a relação dialógica entre música, partitura e contexto é pensada através da utilização da Teoria dos tópicos. Os tópicos constituem-se, nesta dissertação, como figurações musicais características que comportam esta relação fluida entre análise estrutural e contexto(s). Por meio desta perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivo estabelecer uma ponte entre as Cirandas e três temáticas essenciais que constituem três dos quatro capítulos deste documento – temática nacionalista, temática infantil e temática luso-brasileira. A obra de Villa-Lobos é, ainda hoje, considerada um produto da sua “instintividade” e “genialidade” e, com isto, a sua análise reverte para segundo plano em prol da mitificação biográfica em torno da figura do compositor. Só mais recentemente, a abordagem analítica aplicada à sua obra tem vindo a ganhar forma e com ela fomentam-se discussões sobre processos de composição e recepção da produção do compositor brasileiro. Acompanhando este desenvolvimento, está o processo contínuo de reestruturação da Teoria dos tópicos para abarcar a realidade musical brasileira, iniciado nas últimas décadas. Assim, nesta dissertação, propõe-se uma análise das Cirandas que contribua de forma inovadora para uma leitura da produção de Villa-Lobos e, através
desta, fomenta-se os estudos sobre os tópicos na realidade brasileira do início do século XX.
Cirandas is the name of a set of pieces composed by Heitor Villa-Lobos that became a reference in his pianistic repertoire. It has the particularity of promoting a complex relation between a gathering of children’s folkloric melodies and the musical creation composed by Villa-Lobos that, by surrounding them, rewrites them. This work intends to articulate two ways of looking at the subject of study – a structural analysis and a contextual one. Thus, we propose a synchronic reading of the Cirandas and the cultural, social, and political contexts that constitute them. In this way, the dialogic relation between music, sheet music and context is thought through the Topic Theory. Topic is considered, in the context of this investigation, has a musical figuration that implies the fluid relation between structural analysis and context(s). By the means of this perspective, the objective of this work is to establish a bridge between the Cirandas and three essential themes that form three of the four chapters of this document – nationalism, childhood and luso-brazilian relationships. The work of Villa-Lobos is, still today, considered has a product of his “instincts”, of his “geniality”. With that, the analysis is pushed to a second plan in favour of the biographic myth that revolves around the life of the composer. Only recently there was a considerable development of the analytical investigation about Villa-Lobos’ work, and with that, a lot of discussions were initiated about the compositional and reception processes inherent to his pieces. Accompanying this breakthrough, in the last few decades, there’s been a line of musicological work dedicated do the restructuration of the Topic Theory to be applicable to the Brazilian reality. It’s through the application of the Topic Theory to the Cirandas that we propose one analysis that contributes to the understanding of Villa-Lobos’ work and foment the studies about the topics in Brazil in the beginning of the twentieth century.
Cirandas is the name of a set of pieces composed by Heitor Villa-Lobos that became a reference in his pianistic repertoire. It has the particularity of promoting a complex relation between a gathering of children’s folkloric melodies and the musical creation composed by Villa-Lobos that, by surrounding them, rewrites them. This work intends to articulate two ways of looking at the subject of study – a structural analysis and a contextual one. Thus, we propose a synchronic reading of the Cirandas and the cultural, social, and political contexts that constitute them. In this way, the dialogic relation between music, sheet music and context is thought through the Topic Theory. Topic is considered, in the context of this investigation, has a musical figuration that implies the fluid relation between structural analysis and context(s). By the means of this perspective, the objective of this work is to establish a bridge between the Cirandas and three essential themes that form three of the four chapters of this document – nationalism, childhood and luso-brazilian relationships. The work of Villa-Lobos is, still today, considered has a product of his “instincts”, of his “geniality”. With that, the analysis is pushed to a second plan in favour of the biographic myth that revolves around the life of the composer. Only recently there was a considerable development of the analytical investigation about Villa-Lobos’ work, and with that, a lot of discussions were initiated about the compositional and reception processes inherent to his pieces. Accompanying this breakthrough, in the last few decades, there’s been a line of musicological work dedicated do the restructuration of the Topic Theory to be applicable to the Brazilian reality. It’s through the application of the Topic Theory to the Cirandas that we propose one analysis that contributes to the understanding of Villa-Lobos’ work and foment the studies about the topics in Brazil in the beginning of the twentieth century.
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Teoria dos tópicos Heitor Villa-Lobos Cirandas Musicologia luso-brasileira Luso-brazilian musicology Topic Theory