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A Dimensão Gal/Tan e a Crise da Zona Euro
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Através de uma metodologia de análise quantitativa e da utilização de dados obtidos pelo Chapel Hill Expert Surveys, neste plano de investigação observaram-se os posicionamentos dos principais partidos de diferentes países europeus em relação à dimensão gal/tan, num período que ficou marcado pelos efeitos negativos provocados por uma profunda crise económica em alguns dos Estados-membros da União Europeia. Na Grécia, na França e na Áustria, os principais partidos assumiram, de uma forma geral, posicionamentos mais centrais em relação a esta questão durante o período em que a crise teve os seus principais efeitos, contrariamente ao que sucedeu nos restantes países. Observou-se que os partidos que assumiram posições mais moderadas em relação a estes temas foram aqueles que lhes atribuíram uma menor saliência, sendo que, por outro lado, os partidos que se posicionaram mais longe de uma posição central foram aqueles que lhes atribuíram uma saliência maior. Áustria foi o país onde esta relação foi mais evidente, em especial no último conjunto de anos considerado. Por fim, o valor do crescimento económico verificado anualmente pareceu ter tido influência na prioridade que foi atribuída à defesa das questões ambientais, mesmo que à custa do crescimento económico. Nos países onde, durante o período considerado, se verificaram taxas tendencialmente maiores relativamente ao valor do crescimento económico, foi atribuída uma maior prioridade às questões ambientais, uma situação que se tornou mais efetiva no último período de anos considerado. Nos países onde o valor da riqueza produzida foi superior à média dos países da Zona Euro existiu uma maior prioridade atribuída ao crescimento económico, uma condição que, nos últimos anos, se tornou mais evidente. Assim, na Lituânia e na Estónia os partidos caminharam no sentido de priorizar as questões ambientais; na Áustria e na Alemanha, os partidos priorizaram, sobretudo, o crescimento económico.
Through a methodology of quantitative analysis and the use of data collected by Chapel Hill Expert Surveys, in this research plan, were observed the positions of the main parties, in different European countries, related to the position in the gal/tan dimension in a period that was marked by the negative effects of an economic crisis in some of the European Union member-states. During the period in which the crisis had its main effects, in Greece, France and Austria, the main parties generally adopted central positions in this dimension, unlike what happened in the other countries. It was observed that the parties that adopted more moderated positions on these issues, were those that assigned it less salience, while the parties that positioned themselves further from a central position were those which assigned it a larger salience. Austria was the country where this relationship was most clear, particularly in the last set of years considered. Finally, the value of economic growth verified each year seemed to influence the priority that was assigned to environmental issues, even if that costed a decrease in the economic growth. Countries which verified higher rates of economic growth, assigned a higher priority to environmental issues, a situation that became more effective in the last period of years considered. In countries where was verified above average wealth levels, the economic growth was assigned a higher priority, a condition that, in the last years, became clearer. Thus, in Lithuania and Estonia, the parties moved towards prioritizing environmental issues; in Austria and Germany, the parties prioritized economic growth above all.
Through a methodology of quantitative analysis and the use of data collected by Chapel Hill Expert Surveys, in this research plan, were observed the positions of the main parties, in different European countries, related to the position in the gal/tan dimension in a period that was marked by the negative effects of an economic crisis in some of the European Union member-states. During the period in which the crisis had its main effects, in Greece, France and Austria, the main parties generally adopted central positions in this dimension, unlike what happened in the other countries. It was observed that the parties that adopted more moderated positions on these issues, were those that assigned it less salience, while the parties that positioned themselves further from a central position were those which assigned it a larger salience. Austria was the country where this relationship was most clear, particularly in the last set of years considered. Finally, the value of economic growth verified each year seemed to influence the priority that was assigned to environmental issues, even if that costed a decrease in the economic growth. Countries which verified higher rates of economic growth, assigned a higher priority to environmental issues, a situation that became more effective in the last period of years considered. In countries where was verified above average wealth levels, the economic growth was assigned a higher priority, a condition that, in the last years, became clearer. Thus, in Lithuania and Estonia, the parties moved towards prioritizing environmental issues; in Austria and Germany, the parties prioritized economic growth above all.
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Zona Euro Crise União Europeia Gal/Tan Eleições Crise Económica GIIPS European Union Elections Economic Crisis