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Stratiatal contribution to outcome-dependent action control
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Resumo(s)
Our everyday actions depend on adaptations to a given situation in order to achieve desirable
outcomes. However, action control (i.e., action initiation and suppression), is biased to the
outcome we aim to achieve – receive a reward or avoid a punishment. Rewards tend to activate
actions (go), while punishments tend to suppress actions (no-go). This process, known as
Pavlovian bias, is impaired in several psychiatric disorders such as impulsive control disorder and
depression, resulting in excessive tendency to initiate actions in rewarding conditions and
accentuated action suppression in punishment conditions, respectively. Patient studies have
associated activity in the striatum, the input nucleus of the basal ganglia, in outcome-dependent
action control. Studies with rodents have additionally shown that action control is facilitated by
two subpopulations of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSN), dopamine 1 and dopamine 2
receptor-expressing MSN’s. This project attempted to understand how outcome-dependent
action control is encoded by these neuronal populations, particularly in different striatal subcompartments. To achieve this, we used implantable miniaturized fluorescent microscopes to
perform 1-photon calcium imaging. However, GCaMP expression in rats’ striatum is not trivial
which has hampered the course of the project. Nonetheless, we optimized both surgical and
behavioral procedures, which facilitates the future direction of this project. In addition, we
combined and optimized several adeno-associated viruses that allowed us to measure
genetically defined neuronal populations in striatal sub regions in rats, for the first time. Our
novel viral approach will be useful for future studies combining complex behaviors with basal
ganglia activity. These findings might help projects studying impairments in Pavlovian bias, as
seen in several psychiatric disorders.
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Medicina Investigação Biomédica