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A qualidade do processo eleitoral no Mercosul: uma análise comparativa entre Brasil, Argentina, Paraguai e Uruguai
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A presente Dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo da qualidade do processo eleitoral dos países membros do “Mercado Comum do Sul-Mercosul”, quais sejam Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai, discorrendo acerca das suas principais deficiências e semelhanças em âmbito regional. De início, relaciona-se o papel das eleições na democracia, tangenciando-se acerca do autoritarismo eleitoral, introduzindo-se posteriormente o conceito de integridade e ciclo eleitoral. A metodologia compreende o método comparado, com a pesquisa documental, com a recolha de informações por fontes secundárias, com fundamento no projeto “Variedades da Democracia (V-Dem)”, “Projeto da Perceção da Integridade Eleitoral”, Instituto Internacional para Democracia e Assistência Eleitoral – IDEA, pesquisas do Latinobarómetro e relatório de missões de observação eleitoral da Organização dos Estados Americanos-OEA e União Europeia. Conclui-se que o Mercosul, muito embora tenha sido um contributo ao processo de integração política regional, não fora um fator indutor da integridade eleitoral. Quanto aos países integrantes, o Uruguai possui os maiores índices de integridade eleitoral e o Paraguai os menores, situando-se o Brasil e Argentina nos patamares médios. Igualmente, as principais deficiências do processo eleitoral permanecem no financiamento, nos media e no recorrente fenômeno de compra de voto no Paraguai, Argentina e Brasil.
This dissertation aims to study the quality of the electoral process of the member countries of the “Common Market of the South-Mercosur”, which are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, discussing their main deficiencies and similarities at the regional level. At first, the role of elections in democracy is related, focusing on electoral authoritarianism, introducing the concept of integrity and electoral cycle. The methodology comprises the comparative method, with documentary research, with information gathering from secondary sources, based on the project “Varieties of Democracy”, “Project on Perception of Electoral Integrity”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance - IDEA, Latinobarometer Surveys, and Report on Election Observation Missions by the Organization of American States-OAS and the European Union. It can be concluded that, although Mercosur was a contribution to the process of regional political integration, it was not a factor in electoral integrity. As for the member countries, Uruguay has the highest electoral integrity indices and Paraguay the lowest, with Brazil and Argentina at the middle levels. Likewise, the main shortcomings of the electoral process remain in financing, the media, and the recurring phenomenon of vote buying in Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil.
This dissertation aims to study the quality of the electoral process of the member countries of the “Common Market of the South-Mercosur”, which are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, discussing their main deficiencies and similarities at the regional level. At first, the role of elections in democracy is related, focusing on electoral authoritarianism, introducing the concept of integrity and electoral cycle. The methodology comprises the comparative method, with documentary research, with information gathering from secondary sources, based on the project “Varieties of Democracy”, “Project on Perception of Electoral Integrity”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance - IDEA, Latinobarometer Surveys, and Report on Election Observation Missions by the Organization of American States-OAS and the European Union. It can be concluded that, although Mercosur was a contribution to the process of regional political integration, it was not a factor in electoral integrity. As for the member countries, Uruguay has the highest electoral integrity indices and Paraguay the lowest, with Brazil and Argentina at the middle levels. Likewise, the main shortcomings of the electoral process remain in financing, the media, and the recurring phenomenon of vote buying in Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil.
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Mercosul Processo eleitoral Eleição Integridade eleitoral Mercosur Election Electoral process Electoral integrity