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O risco na qualidade do ar em espaços interiores
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Resumo(s)
O objectivo deste trabalho é efectuar uma reflexão sobre os riscos que advêm da má
qualidade do ar interior num edifício de serviços. Para o efeito são utilizadas como
referência a Teoria da Modernização Ecológica e a Teoria da Sociedade do Risco. A
Teoria da Modernização Ecológica surgiu nos países industrializados como um novo
discurso ambiental e tem sido utilizada como um meio de avaliar as mudanças que
atingem a política ambiental contemporânea. A Teoria da Sociedade do Risco visa
sobretudo compreender de que forma a clivagem entre conhecimento científico e
(des)conhecimento leigo cria uma nova relação de dependência (da informação e da
avaliação científicas) cativando as audiênicias sociais sob o estigma da sua ignorância.
Contudo, ambas as posições teóricas acentuam o carácter da responsabilidade científica
na avaliação dos riscos ambientais.
É no vínculo estabelecido pela visão empírica desenvolvida ao longo desta reflexão e na
sistematização do teor ético, que é aqui estabelecido pelas diferentes perspectivas
sociológicas referenciadas no âmbito dos riscos, que se desenvolve um tratamento
social deste tema, pleno de responsabilidade e onde se pretende:
- comparar, através da monitorização no local, os perfis de análise obtidos
após a aplicação de medidas de limpeza e higienização ao edifício, na área
da Qualidade do Ar Interior;
- a sensibilização para a necessidade urgente de se obter uma melhor
Qualidade do Ar Interior; - a sensibilização de projectistas e de gestores dos edifícios para a obtenção de
melhor Qualidade do Ar em Espaços Interiores por forma a serem evitados
os possíveis riscos.
Os resultados deste trabalho sugerem a forma como a má qualidade do ar pode afectar
os indivíduos, a sociedade e o planeta, degradando-o. Refere-se a importância da
implementação de uma Política Ambiental que seja eficaz promovendo-se uma efectiva
mudança no modelo de desenvolvimento quer económico quer político, vigente nesta
área.
Este trabalho está dividido em quatro partes: enquadramento teórico do conceito risco;
identificação dos potenciais riscos e respectivas consequências no que se refere à
qualidade do ar; estimativa do risco e sua valorização. Por fim, propõe-se trabalhos
futuros complementares a esta dissertação de mestrado.
A primeira e segunda partes desta dissertação estão inseridas no Capítulo I. O ponto 1,
está incluído na primeira parte sendo neste efectuado o enquadramento teórico do
conceito em estudo. O ponto 2, está incluído na segunda parte e nele são identificados
os potenciais riscos e respectivas consequências no que se refere à qualidade do ar
interior. A terceira parte é apresentada no Capítulo II e no Capítulo III. No Capítulo II
faz-se a apresentação do objecto de estudo, sua caracterização, estimam-se os riscos e
sua valorização tendo em conta as necessárias acções preventivas a tomar. No Capítulo
III apresentam-se os resultados obtidos tendo por base uma atitude precaucionista. Na
quarta parte é apresentado o Capítulo IV sendo neste apresentadas as conclusões com
especial ênfase para os resultados mais relevantes, de acordo com os objectivos de
estudo.
No que se refere à recolha de outros dados foi efectuada a partir de observações livres e
sistematizadas, ocorrendo pesquisa documental, grelhas de análise e questionários
desenvolvidos especificamente para esse fim. Os questionários foram apresentados à
data, aos utilizadores do edifício em questão, pretendiam registar as suas opiniões. Para
o tratamento dos dados recorreu-se aos programas informáticos, SPSS e EXCEL.
Encontrou-se unanimidade nos métodos utilizados, no que se refere ao risco na
Qualidade do Ar em espaços interiores e aos quais a Sociedade na sua globalidade está
sujeita.
No fim desta dissertação, estão incluídos os anexos de apoio à realização deste estudo.
The objective of this work is to make a reflection on the risks that arise from poor air quality inside a building services. For this purpose are used as reference the theory of modernization and Ecological Society of the Theory of Risk. The Theory of Ecological Modernization emerged in industrialised countries as a new environmental discourse and has been used as a means to evaluate the changes that affect environmental policy issues. The Theory of the Society of Risk is to understand how the gap between scientific knowledge and (un) lay knowledge creates a new relationship of dependency (of information and scientific assessment) attract the audiênicias under the social stigma of their ignorance. However, both theoretical positions accentuate the character of responsibility in the scientific assessment of environmental risks. It is no link established by empirical vision developed over this reflection and systematization of ethical content, which is established here by various sociological perspectives listed under risk, which is developing a social treatment of this subject, full of responsibility and where you want: - Compare, through monitoring in place, the profiles of analysis obtained after the implementation of measures to clean and sanitize the building in the area of the Air Quality Interior; - Awareness of the urgent need to achieve a better quality of Air Interior; - The awareness of planners and managers of buildings to obtain better quality of air in interior spaces so as to the possible risks are avoided. The results of this study suggest how the poor air quality environment can affect individuals, society and the planet, degrading it. It refers to the importance of implementing an environmental policy that is effective to promoting effective change in the model of development or economic or political, existing in this area. This work is divided into four parts: theoretical framework of the concept risk; identification of potential risks and their consequences with regard to air quality; estimate of the risk and its recovery. Finally, it is proposed future work complementary to that of master's dissertation. The first and second parts of this thesis are included in Chapter I. Point 1, is included in the first part being made in the framework of the theoretical concept under study. Point 2, is included in the second part and there are identified potential risks and their consequences with regard to air quality inside. The third part is presented in Chapter II and in Chapter III. In Chapter II is made subject to the submission of the study, its characterization, are estimated at risk and their recovery given the necessary preventive actions to be taken. In Chapter III presents the results based on an precaution attitude. In the fourth part is presented in Chapter IV and the conclusions presented with a focus on the most relevant results, in line with the objectives of study. Regarding the collection of other data was made from observations free and systematized, occurring documentary research, analysis of scales and questionnaires developed specifically for that purpose. The questionnaires were presented to date, users of the building in question, wanted to register their views. For the data treatment is used the software SPSS and EXCEL. There is unanimity in methods, with regard to risk in the Air Quality indoors and to which the society as a whole is subject. At the end of this dissertation, are included attachments to support this study.
The objective of this work is to make a reflection on the risks that arise from poor air quality inside a building services. For this purpose are used as reference the theory of modernization and Ecological Society of the Theory of Risk. The Theory of Ecological Modernization emerged in industrialised countries as a new environmental discourse and has been used as a means to evaluate the changes that affect environmental policy issues. The Theory of the Society of Risk is to understand how the gap between scientific knowledge and (un) lay knowledge creates a new relationship of dependency (of information and scientific assessment) attract the audiênicias under the social stigma of their ignorance. However, both theoretical positions accentuate the character of responsibility in the scientific assessment of environmental risks. It is no link established by empirical vision developed over this reflection and systematization of ethical content, which is established here by various sociological perspectives listed under risk, which is developing a social treatment of this subject, full of responsibility and where you want: - Compare, through monitoring in place, the profiles of analysis obtained after the implementation of measures to clean and sanitize the building in the area of the Air Quality Interior; - Awareness of the urgent need to achieve a better quality of Air Interior; - The awareness of planners and managers of buildings to obtain better quality of air in interior spaces so as to the possible risks are avoided. The results of this study suggest how the poor air quality environment can affect individuals, society and the planet, degrading it. It refers to the importance of implementing an environmental policy that is effective to promoting effective change in the model of development or economic or political, existing in this area. This work is divided into four parts: theoretical framework of the concept risk; identification of potential risks and their consequences with regard to air quality; estimate of the risk and its recovery. Finally, it is proposed future work complementary to that of master's dissertation. The first and second parts of this thesis are included in Chapter I. Point 1, is included in the first part being made in the framework of the theoretical concept under study. Point 2, is included in the second part and there are identified potential risks and their consequences with regard to air quality inside. The third part is presented in Chapter II and in Chapter III. In Chapter II is made subject to the submission of the study, its characterization, are estimated at risk and their recovery given the necessary preventive actions to be taken. In Chapter III presents the results based on an precaution attitude. In the fourth part is presented in Chapter IV and the conclusions presented with a focus on the most relevant results, in line with the objectives of study. Regarding the collection of other data was made from observations free and systematized, occurring documentary research, analysis of scales and questionnaires developed specifically for that purpose. The questionnaires were presented to date, users of the building in question, wanted to register their views. For the data treatment is used the software SPSS and EXCEL. There is unanimity in methods, with regard to risk in the Air Quality indoors and to which the society as a whole is subject. At the end of this dissertation, are included attachments to support this study.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Risco Teoria da Modernização Ecológica Teoria da Sociedade do Risco Política Ambiental Desenvolvimento Sustentável Risk Theory of Ecological Modernization Theory of the Society of Risk Environmental Policy Sustainable Development