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Relatório de Estágio no Juízo Central Criminal de Lisboa - Roubo por Abuso de Cartão
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O presente relatório de estágio é fruto do acompanhamento do trabalho de um magistrado judicial entre setembro de 2024 e janeiro de 2025. No âmbito deste estágio curricular, surge o tema sob investigação: a análise jurídico-penal das transferências e levantamentos de fundos realizados sob coação do seu titular, com base nos tipos legais dos crimes de roubo (artigo 210.º do Código Penal) e de abuso de cartão de garantia ou de cartão, dispositivo ou dados de pagamento (artigo 225.º do Código Penal).
São analisados os pressupostos de cada um dos tipos legais: para o roubo, precisa-se o bem jurídico em causa e afinam-se os conceitos de “coisa móvel alheia” e de “subtração” (e “entrega”), para aferir se os fundos monetários informatizados e correspondente movimentação entre contas, quando realizada por meio de violência ou ameaça contra uma pessoa, é inserível no mesmo; no que toca ao abuso de cartão de garantia ou de cartão, dispositivo ou dados de pagamento, é dado maior destaque à alteração sofrida pelo tipo, por força da Lei n.º 79/2021, e respetivas implicações práticas.
Seguidamente, após uma breve análise da natureza jurídica das várias espécies monetárias – física, escritural, eletrónica e virtual –, que representam aquilo que o agente pretende obter com a sua conduta, procede-se a um exercício de subsunção jurídica destas factualidades, em face de cada
um daqueles tipos legais. Por último, dada a multiplicidade de constelações fácticas possíveis neste
âmbito, são resolvidos os concursos de crimes que estes ilícitos criminais suscitam.
This internship report is the result of accompanying the work of a criminal judge between September 2024 and January 2025. During this curricular internship, the topic under investigation arises: the legal-penal analysis of transfers and withdrawals of funds carried out under the coercion of their holder, based on the legal types of the crimes of theft (article 210 of the Portuguese Penal Code) and abuse of guarantee card or payment card, device or data (article 225 of the Portuguese Penal Code). The requirements of each of legal definition of crime are analysed: for theft, the protected legal interest is specified, and the concepts of ‘other person’s movable thing’ and ‘subtraction’ (and ‘delivery’) are refined, in order to assess whether digital monetary funds, and the corresponding movement between accounts, when ordered by means of violence or threat against a person, can be included in it; with regard to the abuse of a guarantee card or payment card, device or data, greater emphasis is placed on the change made to the type by Law 79/2021, and its practical implications. Next, after briefly analysing the legal nature of the various types of money – physical, bank, electronic and crypto – which represent what the agent intends to obtain with his conduct, an exercise of legal subsumption of these facts is conducted, in the light of each of these statutory definitions of crime. Finally, given the multiple possible factual constellations in this context, the subsequent concurrence of offenses is resolved.
This internship report is the result of accompanying the work of a criminal judge between September 2024 and January 2025. During this curricular internship, the topic under investigation arises: the legal-penal analysis of transfers and withdrawals of funds carried out under the coercion of their holder, based on the legal types of the crimes of theft (article 210 of the Portuguese Penal Code) and abuse of guarantee card or payment card, device or data (article 225 of the Portuguese Penal Code). The requirements of each of legal definition of crime are analysed: for theft, the protected legal interest is specified, and the concepts of ‘other person’s movable thing’ and ‘subtraction’ (and ‘delivery’) are refined, in order to assess whether digital monetary funds, and the corresponding movement between accounts, when ordered by means of violence or threat against a person, can be included in it; with regard to the abuse of a guarantee card or payment card, device or data, greater emphasis is placed on the change made to the type by Law 79/2021, and its practical implications. Next, after briefly analysing the legal nature of the various types of money – physical, bank, electronic and crypto – which represent what the agent intends to obtain with his conduct, an exercise of legal subsumption of these facts is conducted, in the light of each of these statutory definitions of crime. Finally, given the multiple possible factual constellations in this context, the subsequent concurrence of offenses is resolved.
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Juízo Central Criminal de Lisboa estágio curricular roubo abuso de cartão de garantia ou de cartão dispositivo ou dados de pagamento coação transferência levantamento concurso de crimes Central Criminal Court of Lisbon curricular internship theft abuse of guarantee card or payment card device or data coercion transfer withdrawal concurrence of offenses