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What are the legal implications of using Artificial Intelligence in risk assessment for Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) processes within the fintech industry, and how do current EU regulations address these issues?
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Esta tese analisa o impacto da inteligência artificial (IA) nos processos de Know Your Customer (KYC) e Anti-Money Laundering (AML) no setor de pagamentos digitais, com foco no contexto regulatório da União Europeia. A pesquisa discute a evolução dos pagamentos digitais, os principais marcos regulatórios, como PSD2, AMLD6, MiCA, GDPR e o AI Act, e avalia aplicações práticas de IA em verificação de identidade, análise de risco e monitoramento de transações. Embora a IA proporcione maior eficiência, precisão e capacidade preditiva, ela também introduz riscos significativos, como viés algorítmico, falta de transparência e desafios de governança. Além disso, a integração de IA impõe complexidades adicionais para fintechs menores, que enfrentam barreiras na implementação de estruturas robustas de compliance. A União Europeia se destaca por uma abordagem regulatória abrangente, combinando inovação tecnológica e salvaguardas éticas. Conclui-se que o uso sustentável da IA em pagamentos exige um equilíbrio entre avanço tecnológico, conformidade regulatória e responsabilidade ética, a fim de preservar a confiança e a integridade do ecossistema financeiro.
This thesis examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) processes within the digital payments sector, focusing on the European Union’s regulatory framework. The study explores the evolution of digital payment systems, key regulations such as PSD2, AMLD6, MiCA, GDPR, and the AI Act, and evaluates practical applications of AI in identity verification, risk analysis, and transaction monitoring. While AI delivers significant improvements in efficiency, accuracy, and predictive capabilities, it also introduces critical risks, including algorithmic bias, opacity, and governance challenges. Furthermore, the adoption of AI presents additional complexities for smaller fintechs, which often lack the resources to implement robust compliance frameworks. The European Union stands out for its comprehensive regulatory approach, which seeks to balance technological innovation with ethical safeguards. This research concludes that the sustainable and responsible integration of AI in payments depends on achieving a balance between technological advancement, regulatory compliance, and ethical responsibility, ensuring trust and resilience in the financial ecosystem.
This thesis examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) processes within the digital payments sector, focusing on the European Union’s regulatory framework. The study explores the evolution of digital payment systems, key regulations such as PSD2, AMLD6, MiCA, GDPR, and the AI Act, and evaluates practical applications of AI in identity verification, risk analysis, and transaction monitoring. While AI delivers significant improvements in efficiency, accuracy, and predictive capabilities, it also introduces critical risks, including algorithmic bias, opacity, and governance challenges. Furthermore, the adoption of AI presents additional complexities for smaller fintechs, which often lack the resources to implement robust compliance frameworks. The European Union stands out for its comprehensive regulatory approach, which seeks to balance technological innovation with ethical safeguards. This research concludes that the sustainable and responsible integration of AI in payments depends on achieving a balance between technological advancement, regulatory compliance, and ethical responsibility, ensuring trust and resilience in the financial ecosystem.
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Inteligência Artificial Pagamentos Digitais KYC AML Regulamentação Europeia Ética em IA Artificial Intelligence Digital Payments EU Regulation AI Ethics