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No limbo: políticas migratórias e obstáculos à regularização e integração de pessoas imigrantes em Portugal
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O presente relatório é o resultado do estágio curricular realizado na Casa do Brasil de Lisboa. Tem como tema a governança das migrações em Portugal e analisa em particular as transformações ocorridas no ano de 2024-25 e os seus impactos no acesso à documentação e consequente integração das pessoas imigrantes. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, e como enquadramento teórico optou-se pela teoria das políticas migratórias universalistas (Scholten, 2020). Analisou-se uma área de investigação pouco aprofundada no contexto atual das migrações no país. Foram pesquisadas as políticas de imigração e de integração desde os anos 1990, bem como as políticas atuais e, ainda, o papel histórico e atual das associações de imigrantes nesta área. Do relatório retiram-se três conclusões principais. Portugal sempre privilegiou uma abordagem universalista à governança das migrações, mas passa agora por um momento de viragem para a alienação. Os discursos e propostas políticas atuais não assentam em factos, mas antes em mitos e ameaças/emergências construídas, o que pode ser identificado como um sintoma de alienação. O papel das associações de imigrantes na governança das migrações é fundamental, servindo particularmente como agentes centrais da integração de pessoas imigrantes, mas o seu potencial de atuação é muito maior, pelo que urge mais financiamento e oportunidades políticas neste sentido. Há uma lacuna na investigação sobre o momento atual da governança das migrações em Portugal. Este estudo traz como principal contributo uma análise inovadora da governança no período de 2024-2025, articulada com a evolução das políticas migratórias das últimas três décadas e com os seus impactos específicos no acesso das pessoas imigrantes a direitos e serviços.
This report is the result of an internship carried out at Casa do Brasil de Lisboa. The main theme of the report is migration governance in Portugal, and analyses specifically the changes that took place in 2024-25 and their impact on access to documentation and the consequent integration of immigrants. A qualitative methodology was used, and Scholten’s theory of mainstreaming migration governance (2020) was chosen as a theoretical framework. An area of research that has not been explored in depth in the current context of migration in the country was analyzed. Immigration and integration policies since the 1990s were researched, as well as current policies and the historical and current role of immigrant associations in this field. Three main conclusions can be drawn from the report. Portugal has always favored a mainstreaming approach to migration governance but is now undergoing a shift towards alienation. Current political discourse and proposals are not based on facts and knowledge, but rather on myths and constructed threats/emergencies, which can be identified as a symptom of alienation. Immigrant associations play a central role in migration governance, serving particularly as primary agents of integration, but their potential for action is much greater, so there is an urgent need for more funding and political opportunities. There is a gap in research on the current state of migration governance in Portugal. The main contribution of this report is an innovative analysis of governance in the period 2024-2025, linked to the evolution of migration policies over the last three decades and their specific impacts on immigrants’ access to rights and services.
This report is the result of an internship carried out at Casa do Brasil de Lisboa. The main theme of the report is migration governance in Portugal, and analyses specifically the changes that took place in 2024-25 and their impact on access to documentation and the consequent integration of immigrants. A qualitative methodology was used, and Scholten’s theory of mainstreaming migration governance (2020) was chosen as a theoretical framework. An area of research that has not been explored in depth in the current context of migration in the country was analyzed. Immigration and integration policies since the 1990s were researched, as well as current policies and the historical and current role of immigrant associations in this field. Three main conclusions can be drawn from the report. Portugal has always favored a mainstreaming approach to migration governance but is now undergoing a shift towards alienation. Current political discourse and proposals are not based on facts and knowledge, but rather on myths and constructed threats/emergencies, which can be identified as a symptom of alienation. Immigrant associations play a central role in migration governance, serving particularly as primary agents of integration, but their potential for action is much greater, so there is an urgent need for more funding and political opportunities. There is a gap in research on the current state of migration governance in Portugal. The main contribution of this report is an innovative analysis of governance in the period 2024-2025, linked to the evolution of migration policies over the last three decades and their specific impacts on immigrants’ access to rights and services.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Universalismo Alienação Governança Políticas públicas Associativismo imigrante Mainstreaming Alienation Migration governance Public policies Immigrant associations