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Publicação
Vestígios Funerários e Povoamento Alto-Medieval no território de Nisa
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A análise das sepulturas escavadas na rocha representa um campo de estudo complexo e desafiante, que envolve não apenas a compreensão das tipologias deste tipo de sepultamento, mas também a sua relação com a paisagem envolvente, e com outros vestígios de ocupação. Embora a identificação deste tipo de sepultamento no concelho de Nisa tenha ocorrido maioritariamente durante a elaboração da Carta Arqueológica em 2009, a sua análise foi focada principalmente nas características morfo-tipológicas (ArcheoEstudos, 2009).
Posto isto, o presente estágio, realizado na União de Freguesias de Espírito Santo, Nossa Senhora da Graça e São Simão, procurou estudar as tipologias deste tipo de sepulturas, e compreender a relação destes espaços funerários com a paisagem, e com outros vestígios de povoamento do período alto-medieval. Este trabalho contribuiu também para a atualização do registo das sepulturas rupestres identificadas previamente nas freguesias de Espírito Santo, Nossa Senhora da Graça e São Simão, tendo igualmente permitido a identificação de novos conjuntos.
A investigação foi desenvolvida com recurso à prospeção, ao levantamento arqueológico e à elaboração de cartografia. A prospeção organizou-se com base na bibliografia previamente publicada onde se encontravam referenciadas sepulturas escavadas na rocha. O levantamento arqueológico consistiu na elaboração de fichas de elementos arqueológicos, nas quais os túmulos e os vestígios associados foram descritos de forma exaustiva. Quanto à produção de cartografia, esta teve como objetivo compreender o número de vestígios identificados, a sua localização e a respetiva relação com a paisagem envolvente.
The analysis of rock-cut graves represents a complex and challenging field of study, involving not only the understanding of the typologies of this form of burial, but also their relationship with the surrounding landscape and with other traces of occupation. Although the identification of this type of burial in the municipality of Nisa ocurred mainly during the preparation of the Archaeological Map in 2009, the analysis at the time focused primarily on morpho-typological characteristics (ArchaeoEstudos, 2009). In light of this, the presente intership, carried out with in the Union of Parishes of Espírito Santo, Nossa Senhora da Graça, and São Simão, sought to study the typologies of these funerary structures and to understand their relationship with the landscape and other settlement traces from the Early Medieval period. This work also contributed to updating the record of previously identified rock-cut graves in the parishes of Espírito Santo, Nossa Senhora da Graça, and São Simão, and additionally led to the identification of new groups. The research was carried out through field survey, archaeological recording, and cartographic mapping. The survey was organized from the previously published bibliography, in which rock-cut graves were referenced. The archaeological recording involved the creation of Archaeological element forms, in which the tombs and associated Remains were described in detail. As for the cartographic work, it aimed to understand the number of identified remains, the location, and their relationship with the surrounding landscape.
The analysis of rock-cut graves represents a complex and challenging field of study, involving not only the understanding of the typologies of this form of burial, but also their relationship with the surrounding landscape and with other traces of occupation. Although the identification of this type of burial in the municipality of Nisa ocurred mainly during the preparation of the Archaeological Map in 2009, the analysis at the time focused primarily on morpho-typological characteristics (ArchaeoEstudos, 2009). In light of this, the presente intership, carried out with in the Union of Parishes of Espírito Santo, Nossa Senhora da Graça, and São Simão, sought to study the typologies of these funerary structures and to understand their relationship with the landscape and other settlement traces from the Early Medieval period. This work also contributed to updating the record of previously identified rock-cut graves in the parishes of Espírito Santo, Nossa Senhora da Graça, and São Simão, and additionally led to the identification of new groups. The research was carried out through field survey, archaeological recording, and cartographic mapping. The survey was organized from the previously published bibliography, in which rock-cut graves were referenced. The archaeological recording involved the creation of Archaeological element forms, in which the tombs and associated Remains were described in detail. As for the cartographic work, it aimed to understand the number of identified remains, the location, and their relationship with the surrounding landscape.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Alto Alentejo Alta Idade Média Sepulturas Escavadas na Rocha Nisa Povoamento rural Upper Alentejo Early Middle Ages Rock-Cut Graves Rural Settlement