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Additive manufacturing social impacts: a conceptual model
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Resumo(s)
The additive manufacturing technology, also known as 3D printing, is gaining popularity
amongst the general public, the media, and in the industries. It is believed to be a disruptive
technology, and so the assessment of social impacts is very important. There are still very few
works in this area and social impacts are yet to be identified. The first objective of this
dissertation was to identify the possible social impacts caused by the implementation of this
technology. There were found eleven social strands that were impacted with the additive
manufacturing technology. These strands were: educational; commercial; intellectual property;
employment and labour; access to the technology; economic; environment and energy; supply
chain; health and occupational hazards; healthcare and safety; and governmental approach.
There were found twenty-six social impacts amongst these social components. The second
objective was to determine who are the stakeholders by those social impacts. For this we
analyze the categories of stakeholders in a product life cycle assessment perspective, and
matched the social impacts to the stakeholders’ categories, creating a typology for the additive
manufacturing social impacts. Amongst every stakeholder category, a set of sub-categories is
proposed for each stakeholder too. The third, and last, objective, fulfilled by this dissertation,
was to propose social indicators for the additive manufacturing impacts identified. A list of
proposed indicators is found in the dissertation. This dissertation results in a conceptual model
to analyze the additive manufacturing social impacts.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Additive manufacturing 3D printing Social impacts Life cycle assessment Social indicators