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Fabrication of 3D electrodes for biosensor applications
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Alzheimer’s Disease is one of the most common forms of dementia, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although incurable, an easy and effective form of diagnosis is still missing.
Thus, this work aims to develop an electrochemical biosensor for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease, by recognizing the peptide Aβ-42, a biomarker associated with visible differences in the brain tissue and responsible for the formation of senile plaques.
The intended sensing devices use a bottom-up designing approach, having paper as substrate. Paper is one of the most promising materials in the current flexible electronics industry, for being eco-friendly, cheap, abundant and offering biocompatible, easy and fast construction procedures.
The biosensors produced herein use pencil and printed carbon electrodes, allied with laser writing techniques. The electrical circuits are designed either on a conductive carbon ink or a 9B pencil tracks, printed or draw directly on the substrate.
The recognition is done by a molecularly imprinted polymer, created on the electrode’s surface by electropolymerizing a mixture of the analyte (Aβ-42) and a monomer (O-Phenylenediamine). This pro-cess forms a conductive polymer with recognition sites displaying affinity for the selected biomarker. The parameters involved in the electropolymerization were optimized, by imprinting the peptide on the sensing layer, growing the polymer around the Aβ-42 peptide and removing it later by incubating in suitable enzyme and acid solutions. The performance of the biosensor was evaluated by electroanalytical techniques.
The analytical features of the biosensor were further evaluated by electroanalytical techniques. For this purpose, the analytical response was tested with standard solutions ranging from 0.1 ng/mL to 1μg/mL of Aβ-42 in PBS buffer and Cormay Serum. The response was found of analytical interest, considering that healthy individuals show normal values of ~23.3 pg/mL.
Overall, the developed biosensor offered numerous benefits, such as being a low cost, having reusa-bility features, with a reproducible and fast response, which may have a strong impact in the early de-tection of Alzheimer disease.
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Biosensor Electrochemical Paper Alzheimer