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Perovskite solar cells: Optimization of Cost-Effective Production
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Solar energy exploitation via photovoltaic (PV) technology has become the main route to achieve sustainable development. The emerging perovskite-based PV is considered one of the most promising alternative technologies to the conventional Silicon solar cells, since perovskites are a class of semiconductor materials with quite favourable optoelectronic proprieties that allow attaining high sunlight-to-electricity conversion efficiency.
The main objective of this work is to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using low-cost techniques and materials. Here, the perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) is produced as the active layer, Titania (TiO2) and copper thiocyanate (CuSCN) are used as the electrons and holes transport layers, respectively. The production of homogeneous films is performed via spin-coating without atmospheric control, which is a great challenge in this area. In addition, the use of the inexpensive CuSCN hole transporter is developed, since it is 200 times less expensive than the conventionally-used Spiro-OMeTAD. This thesis was also investigated the crystallinity and quality of the perovskite film by a range of characterization tools such as XRD, SEM-EDS, AFM and UV-visible spectroscopy; as well as the influence of moisture on the active layer.
The optimization of the fabrication methods was performed successfully, as demonstrated by the achievement of perovskite films with an absorbance of approximately 90-95% and large grain sizes of 333 ± 94 nm, allowing a PSC efficiency of 6.35%, with VOC of 0.89V, JSC of 15.46 mA/cm2, FF of 0.46, RSH of 2516 Ω and RS of 356 Ω.
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Photovoltaic technology solution-processed perovskite solar cell MAPbI3 spin-coating CuSCN J-V curves